Evaluation of Cafeteria Diet in Experimental Animal with Plant Extract of Calotropis procera for Obesity Parameter

Nyarko, Richard Owusu; Awuchi, Chinaza Godswill; Kumar, Roshan; Boateng, Edward Amoah; Kahwa, Ivan; Boateng, Paul Owusu; Asum, None Christian; Saha, Purabi

doi:10.55544/jrasb.1.3.14

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The term “hyperlipidemia” refers to the blood's increased or abnormally high levels of lipids and/or lipoproteins. Due to the role of cholesterol, one of the most clinically significant lipid molecules in atherosclerosis, lipid, and lipoprotein abnormalities is considered to be highly modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (Islam et al, 2021 ; Nyarko et al, 2022 ). There is substantial evidence that HDL cholesterol is negatively correlated with total body cholesterol, and that lowering plasma HDL cholesterol concentrations may hasten the onset of atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease by compromising the removal of cholesterol from the arterial wall (Kontush, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and anethole ameliorate lipid abnormalities, oxidative injury, hypercholesterolemia, heart, and liver conditions

Noreen

Rehman

Tufail

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Fennel seeds and flaxseed have been traditionally used against many medical ailments due to their medicinal characteristics. The aim of the study was to investigate the health properties of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and anethole from flaxseed and fennel seeds in rats fed with high‐fat diet. Histopathological changes in the heart and liver were also examined. Sixty rats were divided into two main groups. Group I (10 rats) was used as a negative control group and fed on the basal diet only. Group II (50 rats) was fed a hypercholesterolemic diet but not given any drugs during the trial for 2 weeks. This group was further divided into five subgroups (10 rats each). One of them was fed on the basal diet and used as a positive control group. However, the other four subgroups were fed on basal diets and anethole (20 mg/kg/day, orally), SDG (20 mg/kg/day, orally), a mixture of anethole + SDG (10 + 10 mg/kg/day, orally), and atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day, orally) for 6 weeks. Compared to control, treatment with a combination of anethole + SDG showed a significant (p ≤ .05) improvement in serum levels of triglyceride (TG) (137.88 ± 1.61 mg/dL), total cholesterol‐(TC) (180.12 ± 8.99 mg/dL), LDL‐C (46.40 ± 6.67 mg/dL), VLDL‐C (11.81 ± 1.07 mg/dL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (75.97 ± 6.92 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (34.83 ± 2.17 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (130.65 ± 1.05 U/L), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (30.12 ± 1.89 mmol/g), and improved activities of catalase (70.99 ± 3.29 U/g) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (35.13 ± 2.53 U/dL) enzymes while SDG and anethole group had relatively less impact. Atorvastatin also improved serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL‐C, and VLDL‐C significantly and rose serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels considerably meanwhile it had a minor but negative impact on AST, ALT, and ALP, and negligible impact on activities of MDA, CAT, and SOD enzymes compared to the positive control group. The study revealed that combining anethole and SDG may improve dyslipidemia, improve lipid profile, decrease risks of chronic heart diseases, increase HDL‐C, and enhance antioxidant enzymes' activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and anethole ameliorate lipid abnormalities, oxidative injury, hypercholesterolemia, heart, and liver conditions

Noreen

Rehman

Tufail

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…Cell surface antigens CD11b/c and chemokine fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) are expressed by microglial cells, which develop from blood monocytes that migrate to the central nervous system (CNS) (57). Beginning as erythromyeloid progenitors, they complete their development in microglia (58) via one of many colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) (59), IL-34 (60), or TGF-(61)-dependent differentiation pathways. When fully developed, astroglia and microglia contribute to the inflammatory response triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) secreted by brain cells (62)(63)(64).…”

Section: Microglia and Astrogliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Approaches of Ocular Disease and Its Herbal Product Treatment: An Updates

Butola¹,

Bisht²,

Kumar³

2023

J. Res. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol.

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One of the most common causes of permanent vision loss is glaucoma. Damage to the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells, the root cause of visual field impairment, is typically the result of elevated intraocular pressure. Some patients' illness worsens even when treated with eye medications that reduce intraocular pressure. The pathophysiology of glaucoma is not only thought to involve mechanical and vascular dysfunctions of the eye, but also oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and excitotoxicity. Therefore, natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities may offer a different strategy for treating glaucoma. This review summarizes the most up-to-date preclinical and clinical research on natural compounds that have been proven to contain neuroprotective characteristics for retinal ganglion cells and, consequently, may be useful in the treatment of glaucoma. Baicalein, forskolin, marijuana, ginsenoside, resveratrol, and hesperidin are all effective at lowering intraocular pressure. On the other hand, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis mechanisms are among those through which Ginkgo biloba, More research is needed to determine whether natural items can be used as a safe and effective treatment for glaucoma.

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“…As shown in Figure 1, the bulk of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are formed by the body are naturally produced in mitochondria. This is because the electron transport chain (ETC) in mitochondria is responsible for consuming oxygen from the cell and producing ATP [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Retinopathy: Current Understanding, Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies

Amjad,

Gupta,

Anamika

et al. 2024

J. Res. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol.

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Researchers have been assuming about the possible connection between the eye and the central nervous system (CNS) for a considerable amount of time. This is primarily due to the fact that the eye is considered to be an extension of the brain, which is a reasonable assumption. The neural tube is the beginning of both structures, and neurons are the building blocks of both structures. Retinal ganglionic cells, also known as RGCs, are a specific type of cell that are found in the retina. These cells are responsible for receiving light signals from the environment around them and then transmitting them to photoreceptors, which are involved in the process of vision. The retina, which is found inside the eye, is responsible for converting light into electrical impulses, which are then sent to the brain through the optic nerve. Glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy are only few of the eye illnesses that can be caused by chronic progressive neurodegeneration of the retina, which is more prevalent in older people. It is the elderly who are most likely to be affected by these eye disorders; nevertheless, younger people are also susceptible to them and may experience permanent vision loss or a reduction in their eyesight. In most cases, neurodegenerative disorders that are characteristic of CSN are characterised by common symptoms and a cause that is only partially understood. Although certain risk factors have been identified, they do not account for all instances. On the other hand, according to a number of studies, several illnesses of the central nervous system (CNS), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), which are responsible for a significant amount of mortality and morbidity on a global scale, display distinctive alterations at the ocular level. It is helpful to be aware of potential linkages in order to have a better understanding of the mechanics on which onset occurs. In addition, experts have not yet reached a consensus regarding the factors that are responsible for these various disorders. In this overview, the symptoms of ocular illnesses are discussed in detail, with a particular focus on the interaction between the brain and the eye. At some point in the future, a more in-depth understanding could be of assistance in the development of innovative treatments that could help reduce or prevent blindness and improve quality of life.

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Evaluation of Cafeteria Diet in Experimental Animal with Plant Extract of Calotropis procera for Obesity Parameter

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and anethole ameliorate lipid abnormalities, oxidative injury, hypercholesterolemia, heart, and liver conditions

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and anethole ameliorate lipid abnormalities, oxidative injury, hypercholesterolemia, heart, and liver conditions

Recent Approaches of Ocular Disease and Its Herbal Product Treatment: An Updates

Diabetic Retinopathy: Current Understanding, Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies

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