Evaluation of biofilm production by<i><scp>P</scp>seudomonas aeruginosa</i>from canine ears and the impact of biofilm on antimicrobial susceptibility<i>in vitro</i>

Pye, Charlotte; Yu, Anthony; Weese, J. Scott

doi:10.1111/vde.12040

Cited by 47 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For P. aeruginosa canine OE isolates ( n = 20) in our study, 95% were biofilm producers, evenly distributed between weak (30%), moderate (35%) and strong (30%) biofilm production. This contrasts with a similar study by Pye et al () in which only 40% (33/83) of P. aeruginosa canine otic isolates produced biofilms (8.4% (7/83) weak, 18.1% (15/83) moderate and 13.3% (11/83) strong). In humans, the majority (77.5%) of P. aeruginosa isolates formed weak (42.5%), moderate (27.5%) or strong (5%) biofilms (Lima et al, ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Biofilm production by pathogens associated with canine otitis externa, and the antibiofilm activity of ionophores and antimicrobial adjuvants

Chan

Hickey

Page³

et al. 2019

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Otitis externa (OE) is a frequently reported disorder in dogs associated with secondary infections by Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and yeast pathogens. The presence of biofilms may play an important role in the resistance of otic pathogens to antimicrobial agents. Biofilm production of twenty Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and twenty Pseudomonas aeruginosa canine otic isolates was determined quantitatively using a microtiter plate assay, and each isolate was classified as a strong, moderate, weak or nonbiofilm producer. Minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of two ionophores (narasin and monensin) and three adjuvants (N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), Tris‐EDTA and disodium EDTA) were investigated spectrophotometrically (OD570nm) and quantitatively (CFU/ml) against selected Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas biofilm cultures. Concurrently, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of planktonic cultures were assessed. 16/20 of the S. pseudintermedius clinical isolates were weak biofilm producers. 19/20 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates produced biofilms and were distributed almost equally as weak, moderate and strong biofilm producers. While significant antibiofilm activity was observed, no MBEC was achieved with narasin or monensin. The MBEC for NAC ranged from 5,000–10,000 µg/ml and from 20,000–80,000 µg/ml against S. pseudintermedius and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Tris‐EDTA eradicated P. aeruginosa biofilms at concentrations ranging from 6,000/1,900 to 12,000/3,800 µg/ml. The MBEC was up to 16‐fold and eightfold higher than the MIC/MBC of NAC and Tris‐EDTA, respectively. Disodium EDTA reduced biofilm growth of both strains at concentrations of 470 µg/ml and higher. It can be concluded that biofilm production is common in pathogens associated with canine OE. NAC and Tris‐EDTA are effective antibiofilm agents in vitro that could be considered for the treatment of biofilm‐associated OE in dogs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Biofilm production by pathogens associated with canine otitis externa, and the antibiofilm activity of ionophores and antimicrobial adjuvants

Chan

Hickey

Page³

et al. 2019

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…Biofilms are known to develop within the middle ear of children (Bakaletz 2007) and several authors (Pye and others 2013) have suggested the same process occurs in the middle ears of dogs. A wide range of microbes are capable of forming biofilms, including many of the most common otic pathogens.…”

Section: Perpetuating Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering the causes of otitis externa

Paterson¹

2016

In Practice

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Otitis externa is one of the most common reasons why dogs present to veterinary surgeons in primary care practice. It is a much less common problem in the cat. This article outlines a logical approach principally to canine otitis externa. It describes the need to identify and manage primary causes of otitis, especially allergy which is the most common of these. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the more chronic the otitis, the greater the need to investigate its underlying cause rather than treat symptomatically. Secondary infections are discussed, particularly the need to perform cytology and where appropriate culture and sensitivity, in order to select specific antimicrobial therapy. The need to identify and manage both predisposing factors, such as conformation, and perpetuating factors, such as chronic change and otitis media are outlined. However, it is emphasised that these factors contribute to disease and should never be treated without addressing both secondary infection and primary causes.OTITIS externa is inflammation of the external ear canal. The external ear canal is similar in structure to the interfollicular epidermis of the skin. It is a stratified cornifying epithelium with adnexal organs, such as hair follicles and their associated sebaceous and ceruminous glands. Therefore, any disease that affects the skin can also affect the external ear canals. The most recent classification for the aetiology of otitis externa has been proposed by Griffin (2010). In this system the aetiology of otitis externa can be divided into primary and secondary causes which are respectively diseases or infections that directly cause inflammation in the ear and perpetuating or predisposing factors that are agents or elements that contribute to ear disease. These latter two factors do not cause ear disease in their own right but may prevent resolution of the disease and lead to recurrence if they are not dealt with adequately.

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“…Biofilm formation and susceptibility testing was carried out as documented in a previous study . Following microtitre plate incubation and biofilm formation, the optical density of each well was measured at 570 nm (OD 570 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Thirty‐one multidrug‐resistant P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from the ears of dogs with otitis externa that were previously demonstrated to produce biofilm in vitro were studied . Each individual isolate was obtained from a separate dog.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofilm formation has been documented extensively in human medicine, with multiple studies demonstrating biofilm production by clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and reduced in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of biofilm‐embedded bacteria, including otic isolates . Recently, biofilm formation was identified in canine otic isolates of P. aeruginosa , with 40% of the isolates forming a quantifiable biofilm . The role of biofilm formation in cases of canine otitis externa has not been well described, but biofilm production could play an important role in development and maintenance of otitis despite antimicrobial treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the impact of tromethamine edetate disodium dihydrate on antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biofilm in vitro

Pye

Singh

Weese

2014

Veterinary Dermatology

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Evaluation of biofilm production byPseudomonas aeruginosafrom canine ears and the impact of biofilm on antimicrobial susceptibilityin vitro

Cited by 47 publications

References 29 publications

Biofilm production by pathogens associated with canine otitis externa, and the antibiofilm activity of ionophores and antimicrobial adjuvants

Biofilm production by pathogens associated with canine otitis externa, and the antibiofilm activity of ionophores and antimicrobial adjuvants

Discovering the causes of otitis externa

Evaluation of the impact of tromethamine edetate disodium dihydrate on antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biofilm in vitro

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