Evaluation of benzalkonium chloride chemoneurolytic proximal gastric vagotomy

El-ghazzawy, Adel G.; Gupta, Navyash; Swope, Thomas; Kulkarni, Anil D.; Panneton, W. Michael; Robinson, Sandra; Niehoff, Michael L.; Kaminski, Donald L.; Andrus, Charles H.

doi:10.1007/s004649900636

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…In that study, the repeated application of this BAK-containing nanoemulsion, twice daily for 2 weeks onto rabbit nostrils indicated safety with no irritation. In fact, this chemical compound is widely used as a disinfectant against bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi and mycobacteria, and it has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a skin disinfectant [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Face Mask Filter Capable of Inactivating SARS-CoV-2, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2021

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Face masks have globally been accepted to be an effective protective tool to prevent bacterial and viral transmission, especially against indoor aerosol transmission. However, commercial face masks contain filters that are made of materials that are not capable of inactivating either SARS-CoV-2 or multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals can infect other people even if they wear them because some viable viral or bacterial loads can escape from the masks. Furthermore, viral or bacterial contact transmission can occur after touching the mask, which constitutes an increasing source of contaminated biological waste. Additionally, bacterial pathogens contribute to the SARS-CoV-2-mediated pneumonia disease complex, and their resistance to antibiotics in pneumonia treatment is increasing at an alarming rate. In this regard, herein, we report the development of a non-woven face mask filter fabricated with a biofunctional coating of benzalkonium chloride that is capable of inactivating more than 99% of SARS-CoV-2 particles in one minute of contact, and the life-threatening methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (normalized antibacterial halos of 0.52 ± 0.04 and 0.72 ± 0.04, respectively). Nonetheless, despite the results obtained, further studies are needed to ensure the safety and correct use of this technology for the mass production and commercialization of this broad-spectrum antimicrobial face mask filter. Our novel protective non-woven face mask filter would be useful for many healthcare workers and researchers working in this urgent and challenging field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Face Mask Filter Capable of Inactivating SARS-CoV-2, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2021

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“…25 In gastroenterology, the chemoneurolytic effect of BAC is used for experimental models of vagotomy. 29 The lack of correlation between the density of corneal nerves and corneal sensation might result from this anesthetic effect of antiglaucoma eyedrops in this group of patients. Unfortunately, considering the sample size of our study we could not differentiate between patients receiving preserved and unpreserved eyedrops or different molecules.…”

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Subbasal Nerve Morphology and Corneal Sensation in Ocular Surface Disease

Labbé¹,

Alalwani

Went³

et al. 2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

165

139

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PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the in vivo confocal microscopic (IVCM) morphology of subbasal corneal nerves and corneal sensitivity in patients with ocular surface disease.METHODS. Ten healthy volunteers (control group), 12 patients with dry eye (dry-eye group), and 14 patients treated with IOPlowering topical medications (glaucoma group) were included. Central corneal sensation was measured using the contact Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. IVCM of the cornea was performed and the following subbasal corneal nerves parameters were analyzed: density, number, width, number of beadings, number of branching, tortuosity, and reflectivity. One eye of each subject was included in the study. RESULTS.Corneal sensitivity was significantly decreased in dryeye and glaucoma patients compared with controls. The density and number of subbasal corneal nerves were also significantly decreased in dry eye and glaucoma patients compared with controls. There was no difference in terms of subbasal nerve width, number of beadings, tortuosity, reflectivity, and number of branching between the dry-eye, the glaucoma, and the control groups. In all subjects, corneal sensitivity correlated positively with the density and number of subbasal nerves; however, in the dry-eye group, corneal sensitivity correlated with the density and the number of nerves, whereas in the glaucoma group, corneal sensitivity correlated only with the tortuosity of subbasal nerves. CONCLUSIONS.The relationship between corneal sensation and subbasal nerve morphology, as evaluated with IVCM, depends on the pathophysiological mechanism of ocular surface disease. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:4926-4931)

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“…In the stomach, the BAC-denervation procedure has been proposed as a new method to perform parietal cell vagotomy in substitution of the traditional operative procedure, which is an accepted therapy for peptic ulcers that are refractory to medical management [67]. Furthermore, a comparative study of efficacy of several techniques in regard to long-term effects on acid secretion, ulcer prophylaxis, and permanent vagal denervation in a rat model has shown that the BAC chemoneurolytic and laser methods were most effective for decreasing the size of acid-secreting areas [68, 69].…”

Section: New Research Directions and The Potential Use Of Myenterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Myenteric Denervation of the Gut with Benzalkonium Chloride: A Review of Forty Years of an Experimental Model

Garcia

Minto

Marques

et al. 2019

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Experimental denervation of organs plays a key role in understanding the functional aspects of the normal innervation as well as the diseases related to them. In 1978 the experimental model of myenteric denervation of the rat gut by serosal application of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) was proposed. BAC is a positively charged surface-active alkylamine and is a powerful cationic detergent, which destroys bacteria after ionic attraction and for this reason is largely used as a surgical antiseptic. Since its initial report, the BAC-induced myenteric denervation model has been used to study many functional and pathological aspects of the enteric nervous system. So far this is the only pure method of myenteric denervation available for research in this area. Promising reports in the literature have shed light on the possibilities for the development of new uses of the BAC-denervation experimental model as a therapeutic tool in some pathological situations. This review aims to shed light on the main historical and recent findings provided by this experimental model.

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Evaluation of benzalkonium chloride chemoneurolytic proximal gastric vagotomy

Abstract: These efficacy studies have demonstrated BAC's potential utility in the performance of endoscopic transmucosal chemoneurolytic PGV.

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Protective Face Mask Filter Capable of Inactivating SARS-CoV-2, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Protective Face Mask Filter Capable of Inactivating SARS-CoV-2, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

The Relationship between Subbasal Nerve Morphology and Corneal Sensation in Ocular Surface Disease

Myenteric Denervation of the Gut with Benzalkonium Chloride: A Review of Forty Years of an Experimental Model

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