Evaluation of Behaviour of Rockfall Restraining Nets by Full Scale Tests

Peila, Daniele; Pelizza, Sebastiano; Sassudelli, F.

doi:10.1007/s006030050006

Cited by 121 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although it is evident that the impact force induces a complex distribution of stresses within the barrier, the stresses are clearly highest in the region of impact. This is corroborated by the pattern of deformation observed in both physical tests (e.g., Smith and Duffy 1990;Buzzi et al 2012;Peila and Ronco 2009;Peila et al 1998) and numerical simulations (e.g., Hearn et al 1995;Cazzani et al 2002;Anderheggen et al 2002;Grassl et al 2002;Volkwein 2005), where it can be seen the deformation is large in the impacted panel but relatively small in the neighboring panels.…”

Section: Pattern Of Stress and Deformation During Block Impactmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The critical energy for a flexible barrier is most reliably determined by physical tests (e.g., Smith and Duffy 1990;Hearn et al 1995;Peila et al 1998;Grassl et al 2002;Bertolo et al 2009;Arndt et al 2009;Hearn et al 1992;Buzzi et al 2012;Peila and Ronco 2009), however large costs and long set-up times have motivated a number studies in which block impact is simulated numerically (e.g., Anderheggen et al 2002;Cazzani et al 2002;Volkwein 2005;Cantarelli et al 2008;Buzzi et al 2011;Hearn et al 1995;Hearn et al 1992). In both tests and simulations, it has been observed that there is no single value of critical energy for a barrier but rather a range of critical energies corresponding to different block sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perforation of Flexible Rockfall Barriers by Normal Block Impact

et al. 2012

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Flexible rockfall barriers are a common form of protection against falling blocks of rock and rock fragments (rockfall). These barriers consist of a system of cables, posts, and a mesh, and their capacity is typically quantified in terms of the threshold of impact (kinetic) energy at which the barrier fails. This threshold, referred to here as the "critical energy," is often regarded as a constant. However, several studies have pointed out that there is no single representative value of critical energy for a given barrier. Instead, the critical energy decreases as the block size decreases, a phenomenon referred to as the "bullet effect." In this paper, we present a simple analytical model for determining the critical energy of a flexible barrier. The model considers a block that impacts normally and centrally on the wire mesh, and rather than incorporate the structural details of the cables and posts explicitly, the supporting elements are replaced by springs of representative stiffness. The analysis reveals the dependence of the critical energy on the block size, as well as other relevant variables, and it provides physical insight into the impact problem. For example, it is shown that bending of the wire mesh during impact reduces the axial force that can be sustained within the wires, thus reducing the energy that can be absorbed. The formulas derived in the paper are straightforward to use, and the analytical predictions compare favorably with data available in the literature.

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Section: Pattern Of Stress and Deformation During Block Impactmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perforation of Flexible Rockfall Barriers by Normal Block Impact

et al. 2012

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“…Protective flexible wire net and embankment are typical in such design (Giani et al, 2004;Labiouse, 1996;Peila et al, 1998). There is normally a strong collision behaviour when the rockfall impacts the protection measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of rockfalls on protection measures: an experimental approach

Yuan

Huang

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The determination of rockfall impact force is crucial in designing protection measures. In the present study, laboratory tests are carried out by testing the weight and shape of the falling rock fragments, drop height, incident angle, platform on the slideway, and cushion layer on the protection measures to investigate their influences on the impact force. The test results indicate that the impact force is positively exponential to the weight of rockfall and the instantaneous impact velocity of the rockfall approaching the protection measures. The impact velocity is found to be dominated not only by the drop height but also by the shape of rockfall and the length of the platform on the slideway. A great drop height and/or a short platform produces a fast impact velocity. Spherical rockfalls experience a greater impact velocity than cubes and elongated cuboids. A layer of cushion on the protection measures may reduce the impact force to a greater extent. The reduction effects are dominated by the cushion material and the thickness of the cushion layer. The thicker the cushion layer, the greater the reduction effect and the less the impact force. The stiffer the buffer material, the lower the buffering effect and the greater the impact force. The present study indicates that the current standard in China for designing protection measures may overestimate the impact force by not taking into consideration the rockfall shape, platform, and cushion layer.

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“…Therefore for a rockfall protection design to be successful it is necessary first to define the area of risk located below the unstable rock slope (Evans and Hungr, 1993;Crosta and Agliardi, 2003;Guzzetti et al, 2003;Locatelli, 2005) and to forecast of the possible trajectories of the falling blocks (Giani, 1992) and secondly to chose and design the correct method that can: stabilize the unstable rock block directly on the slopes (Peckover and Kerr, 1977;Giani, 1992, Duncan andNorman, 1996;Oggeri and Peila, 2000), stop an already moving block or blocks through technological devices mainly located at the bottom of the slope (Peila et al, 1998(Peila et al, , 2006(Peila et al, , 2007Pelizza et al, 2004), or conduct operations to remove the unstable elements (Cardu et al, 2004;DeWall, 1996;Goumans and Wallace, 1999;Philippon, 2001;Woolf and Goumans, 2002;Mackenzie, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements of safety conditions of unstable rock slopes through the use of explosives

Casale¹,

Oggeri

Peila

2008

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The paper discusses operations aimed at creating a safer natural or man made rock slope by artificially inducing the displacement of unstable elements by blasting. A detailed analysis of the problems with the use of explosives present when conducting these activities is carried out focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of this technology. The results of two examples of demolition of instable rock elements are presented and discussed thus providing suggestions for future blasting designs.

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Evaluation of Behaviour of Rockfall Restraining Nets by Full Scale Tests

Cited by 121 publications

References 4 publications

Perforation of Flexible Rockfall Barriers by Normal Block Impact

Perforation of Flexible Rockfall Barriers by Normal Block Impact

Impact of rockfalls on protection measures: an experimental approach

Improvements of safety conditions of unstable rock slopes through the use of explosives

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