Evaluation of antiplasmodial activity in silico and in vitro of N-acylhydrazone derivatives

Abstract

N-acylhydrazones are considered privileged structures in medicinal chemistry, being part of antimicrobial compounds (for example). In this study we show the activity of N-acylhydrazone compounds, namely AH1, AH2, AH4, AH5 in in vitro tests against the chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (W2) and against WI26 VA-4 human cell lines. All compounds showed low cytotoxicity (LC50 > 100 µM). The AH5 compound was the most active against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 value of 0.07 μM. AH4 and AH5 were selected among the tested compounds for molecular docking calculations to elucidate possible targets involved in their mechanism of action and the SwissADME analysis to predict their pharmacokinetic profile. The AH5 compound showed affinity for 12 targets with low selectivity, while the AH4 compound had greater affinity for only one target (3PHC). These compounds met Lipinski's standards in the ADME in silico tests, indicating good bioavailability results. These results demonstrate that these N-acylhydrazone compounds are good candidates for future preclinical studies against malaria. Graphical Abstract

Design, Synthesis, and Bioactivity Study of Novel Tryptophan Derivatives Containing Azepine and Acylhydrazone Moieties

“…Acylhydrazones are products obtained by combining hydrazides with ketones or aldehydes. The bioactive acylhydrazone core has been one of the most ubiquitous functional groups in medicinal chemistry, and it has been identified in a huge number of lead compounds that act on various types of molecular targets [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In our previous work, it was found that the introduction of acylhydrazone fragments was very beneficial to improve the antiplant virus of the compound [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”