Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity of Two &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Ocimum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Species Consumed Locally as Spices in Nigeria as a Justification for Increased Domestication

Uyoh, Edak Aniedi; Chukwurah, Peter Nkachukwu; David, Imabasi A.; Bassey, Anna C.

doi:10.4236/ajps.2013.42029

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The antioxidant potential of phenols is believed to be conferred on them by their hydroxyl group (-OH), which is bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon (phenyl) ring. This makes them donate electrons easily to electron-seeking free radicals, thus down-regulating their menace in living cells (Uyoh, Chukwurah, David & Bassey, 2013). The significantly higher amount of phenols in the O. gratissimum as compared to V. amygdalina is not surprising as freshly plucked O. gratissimum leaves give off a highly aromatic scent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative Antioxidant Activities of Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum Leaves

Oriakhi

Oikeh

Ezeugwu

et al. 2013

JAS

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Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum occupy prominent positions in the diets of several Nigerian ethnic groups. This study therefore compared the phenolic content and some antioxidative activities of the ethanolic leaf extracts of these two plants. Ethanolic extracts of freshly plucked leaves were obtained using standard procedures. The phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the vegetables were quantified in vitro. The results show that O. gratissimum contains higher amounts of total phenolics (168.5 ± 5.50 and 97.0 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract respectively) and flavonoids (126.7 ± 1.00 and 65.4 ± 4.42 mg quercetin equivalents/g extract respectively) than V. amygdalina. A dose-dependent increase in flavonol content was observed for both extracts with higher contents obtained in the O. gratissimum extract. O. gratissimum also has higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC 50 values of 105.7 and 111.8 µg/ml respectively) and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) (110.0 ± 0.02 and 85.0 ± 0.01 mg Fe 2+ /g extract). O. gratissimum also had higher reducing power than V. amygdalina at the concentrations studied. Standard ascorbic acid however had higher antioxidant activity values for the DPPH, FRAP and reducing power assays. Both plant extracts reasonably inhibit lipid peroxidation at 31.4 ± 0.15% for V. amygdalina and 42.8 ± 1.00% for O. gratissimum. The results further substantiate the medicinal value of these vegetables. Consumption of these vegetables is encouraged to help militate against deleterious effects of reactive species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative Antioxidant Activities of Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum Leaves

Oriakhi

Oikeh

Ezeugwu

et al. 2013

JAS

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“…Moisture content is an index for the shelf-life span of fruits, with low moisture levels tending towards a longer shelf-life [17,18]. High moisture levels connote nutritive richness, in fruits and vegetables particularly, but hinder storage duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of the Nutritive, Mineral, and Antinutritive Composition of Musa sinensis L. (Banana) and Musa paradisiaca L. (Plantain) Fruit Compartments

Oyeyinka

Afolayan

2019

Plants

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Banana and plantain contribute significantly to food security and amelioration of malnutrition, earning their status as staples in several localities of tropical and sub-tropical regions. The distribution of metabolites within the various parts also remains as a key essential to their nutritive and therapeutic potential. This study was aimed at evaluating the nutritional and mineral composition of the flesh, peel, and peel extract components of Musa sinensis L. and Musa paradisiaca L. fruits as well as their nutritional and therapeutic potentials. Proximate and antinutritional analyses were carried out using standard analytical methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), while the mineral constituents were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Proximate analysis revealed that the flesh and peel of M. sinensis L. and M. paradisiaca L. contain substantial amounts of moisture, fiber, carbohydrates, and low fat content, while minerals K, Mg, Ca, Na, P, and N were substantially concentrated in the peels and peel extracts in particular. The antinutrients alkaloid, oxalate, saponin, and phytate were detected in safe amounts according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The study points out that the peel and its derivative extract, as well as the flesh of M. sinensis L. and M. paradisiaca L. are to be put to more relevant human nutritional and therapeutic use.Primary metabolites from plants like fatty acids, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and amino acids are central in the developmental and physiological processes in plants, while secondary metabolites (e.g., phenolics, carotenoids, sterols) are involved in plant protection and pollinator attraction [9,10].The banana (Musa sinensis L.) and plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.) belong to the Musaceae family and have been available for human use for ages [11,12]. They have marked morphological similarities and are of economic and nutritional value. Banana and plantain are majorly tropical plants, but do not grow in temperate regions. They grow predominantly in the continents of Asia, South America, and the tropical African sub-continent [13]. M. sinensis and M. paradisiaca fruits are essentially good potassium-based dietary items and serve as staples in many global cultures. Potassium is useful in ensuring proper muscular functioning [14]. M. sinensis and M. paradisiaca fruits are utilized in beverage production, especially among subsistence farmers [15], while other parts, including the roots and flowers are medicinally useful.The nutritional and therapeutic values of M. sinensis and M. paradisiaca fruit flesh are undisputedly clear. However, this study was undertaken to evaluate and establish the nutritive, therapeutic, and pharmacological potentials of M. sinensis and M. paradisiaca flesh, peels, and their derivative dietary product, to improve the dietary acceptability and reduce biological wastage respectively of their peels (exocarp). Results Proximal Content

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“…This could as well be responsible for the observed reduction in sperm viability. In recent times medicinal plants have been reported as antioxidants reservoir and can act to reduce and scavenge reactive oxygen species (Kukic et al, 2006;Uyoh et al, 2013;Ikpeme et al, 2013Ikpeme et al, , 2014b. These antioxidants act as sensors to regulate the concentration of ROS as well as finding equilibrium between the physiological actions of ROS on sperm cells and their adverse effect on cell physiology (Drevet, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Rhizome and Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds in Mitigating Aspartame-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Model

Ikpeme¹,

Udensi²,

Ekerette³

et al. 2016

Research J. of Medicinal Plant

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Aspartame (ASP) consumption has been reported to implicate oxidative stress and antioxidant supplements from plant origin are one of the safest ways of averting their effect in the body. The current study was aimed at ascertaining the ability of aspartame (ASP) to induce oxidative stress in rats as well as assessing the potential of ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seeds extracts in averting the aspartame induced oxidative stress. This was done using sperm parameters and biochemical assays such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP x ), catalase, melonaldehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphate (ALP). Forty eight sexually matured male albino rats were divided into six groups (A-F) with eight rats in each group. Group A served as the positive control and received physiological saline. Group B served as the negative control and were administered with 1000 mg kgG 1 b.wt., of aspartame (ASP). Rats in group C were administered with 1000 mg kgG 1 b.wt., ASP+500 mg kgG 1 b.wt., of ginger extracts while rats in group D were administered with 1000 ASP+1000 mg kgG 1 b.wt., of ginger extracts. On the other hand, rats in group E received 1000 mg kgG 1 b.wt., ASP+500 mg kgG 1 b.wt., of watermelon seed extracts while rats in group F received 1000 mg kgG 1 b.wt., ASP+1000 mg kgG 1 b.wt., of watermelon seed extracts. The result revealed that administration of ASP reduced sperm viability, sperm count and increased sperm head abnormalities significantly (p<0.05) while sperm motility was not affected by ASP administration in the rats. Superoxide dismutase and GP x levels were increased significantly by ginger and watermelon seeds extracts. Although ginger extract reduced more of lipid peroxidation (MDA), watermelon seeds extract increased the activities of SOD, GP x and reduced AST, ALT and ALP in the liver of rats at 1000 mg kgG 1 b.wt., than the extract of ginger. Thus, the extracts of these two medicinal plants are possible antioxidant reservoir and may provide reliable solution in averting oxidative stress pathologies.

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Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity of Two <i>Ocimum</i> Species Consumed Locally as Spices in Nigeria as a Justification for Increased Domestication

Cited by 38 publications

References 19 publications

Comparative Antioxidant Activities of Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum Leaves

Comparative Antioxidant Activities of Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum Leaves

Comparative Evaluation of the Nutritive, Mineral, and Antinutritive Composition of Musa sinensis L. (Banana) and Musa paradisiaca L. (Plantain) Fruit Compartments

Potential of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Rhizome and Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds in Mitigating Aspartame-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Model

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