Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of manually agitate (nano- chitosan and nano- propolis) against Enterococcus faecalis in comparison with sodium hypochlorite: an in-vitro study

Abstract

Aim:The purpose of this study was to evaluate in an in-vitro model the antibacterial efficacy of manually agitated nano-chitosan and nano-propolis as root canal irrigation protocols in comparison to manually agitated sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus Faecalis. Material and Methods:The root canals of 50 single rooted human premolars were flattened to a standard length of 18mm cleaned and shaped to a size F5 Protaper, apices closed with composite, fixed into an Eppendorf vial with silicon impression material, autoclaved, and randomly assigned to the test groups (n=10) . Negative control was autoclaved and microbial analyzed. The other 40 specimens were contaminated with freshly prepared suspension of E. Faecalis and incubated for 4 weeks and equally divided into 4 groups positive control group (n=10) was not subjected to any further treatments, group A final irrigation with 5.25% NaOCl, group B final irrigation with nanochitosan and group C final irrigation with nano-propolis ; all irrigation protocols were combined with manual agitation with well fitted gutta perch cone for 2 minutes under a laminar flow hood. Microbial samples were collected from all the root specimens and colony forming units were counted and transformed into log CFU. The collected data were statistically analyzed.Results: There was no statistical significant difference in log CFU count between group A (treated with NaOCl) and group B, C (treated with CNP and PNP) while groups A, B, C showed statistically significant difference from positive control group with (p > 0.05). Conclusion:With in the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that all irrigation protocols had efficient antibacterial effect against E. faecalis.Manually agitated (CNP or PNP) can be considered as a more safe, efficient, and simple alternative instead of sodium hypochlorite against E. faecalis.

Assessment of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Nano Chitosan, Chlorhexidine, Chlorhexidine/Nano Chitosan Combination versus Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation in Patients with Necrotic Mandibular Premolars: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…These results agreed with the findings of Perochena et al [36] who showed that CNPs solution was significantly better than NaOCl and contradicted those of Roshdy et al [22] and Moukarab [37] who found no significant difference between CNPs and NaOCl. The difference in findings could be attributed to the different circumstances, where they tested the solutions in vitro against E. faecalis biofilm while the current study tested them clinically against the multispecies primary endodontic infection.…”

Cytotoxic Effect of Different Concentrations of Chitosan and Propolis Nanoparticles on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

“…Arachidonic acid's lipoxygenase pathway is inhibited by flavonoids. As a result, they play a crucial role in lowering the inflammatory response (27) . Flavonoids are topoisomerase inhibitors.…”

“…It was reported that propolis can break the bacterial resistance produced by certain bacterial strains as E faecalis and S aureus. It was also reported that ethanolic propolis extract induced dentin bridge formation and bone regeneration when propolis comes in contact with exposed pulpal tissues (15) .…”

Effects of Different Natural Irrigant Solutions on Surface Roughness of Root Canal Dentin Using Quantitative Topographical 3d Surface Texture Analysis

“…In the field of endodontics chitosan tested to replace EDTA as final irrigating solution, it has chelation ability comparable to that of EDTA which perfectly removes the smear layer through dissolving its inorganic components. Moreover, chitosan has an advantage over EDTA of possessing antimicrobial impact against broad range of microorganisms and that are isolated from root canal infection as Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans had been demonstrated (9,10) .…”