Evaluation of antibacterial activities of euphorbia heterophylla

Ughachukwu, PO; Ezenyeaku, Cct; Bc, Ochiogu; Da, Ezeagwuna; Anahalu, I. C.

doi:10.9790/0853-131146975

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…benghalensis against a standard strain of S. aureus. Previous studies [ 25 , 26 ] showed a similar activity on ethanol leaves extract and solvent fractions of E. heterophylla against S. aureus , P. aeruginosa , E. coli, Streptococcus pneumonia , and K. pneumoniae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants in the Traditional Treatment of Skin and Wound Infections in Eastern Ethiopia

Mummed

Abraha

Feyera

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Background External infections involving the skin and wound are the most frequent complications affecting humans and animals. Medicinal plants play great roles in the treatment of skin and wound infections. This study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of crude methanolic extracts of nine medicinal plants. Methods Agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to determine the antibacterial activity of nine Ethiopian plants against four bacterial species including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Results Among the tested plants, seven (Cissus quadrangularis, Commelina benghalensis, Euphorbia heterophylla, Euphorbia prostrate, Momordica schimperiana, Trianthema spp., and Solanum incanum) were found to exhibit considerable antibacterial activity against at least one of the test bacteria. The extracts of C. quadrangularis, E. heterophylla, and E. prostrata had a wide spectrum of antibacterial activities against test bacterial strains while the extracts of Grewia villosa and Schinus molle did not show any inhibitory activity. Clinical isolate and laboratory strain of S. aureus showed the highest susceptibility to highest concentration (780 mg/mL) of E. prostrata with a zone of inhibition of 21.0mm and 22.3mm, respectively. Conclusion This study indicates clear evidence supporting the traditional use of seven plants in treating skin and wound infections related to bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants in the Traditional Treatment of Skin and Wound Infections in Eastern Ethiopia

Mummed

Abraha

Feyera

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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“…This result is not in agreement with the previous studies carried out by Nikunj and Kaushik (2014); Jakhar and Dahiya (2017) and Nazeer (2017) that recorded antibacterial activity with all the crude extracts used in their studies. The variation in results obtained in this study may possibly be due to the solvent used for extraction, geographical location of the plant and the characteristics of the soil as opined by Ughachukwu et al (2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The presence of phytochemicals such as saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, steroids and reducing sugars in the whole plant crude extracts of Euphorbia hirta were in agreement with the previous studies by Abalaka et al (2016); Ewansiha et al (2016); Mekam et al (2019); Haleshappa et al (2020); Nirmal et al (2020) and Vadalia et al (2020) but the results disagreed with work of Awomukwu et al (2014) because terpenoids and steroids were absent in the study. The difference in results may possibly be due to the type of solvents used for the extraction and the difference in the geographical location where the plants were collected (Ughachukwu et al, 2014). Abalaka et al (2016) and Oloninefa et al (2018) opined in their previous studies that phytochemicals have antimicrobial effects and as such they can be used for the treatment of diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Whole Plant Crude Extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn against Some Clinical Isolates

Oloninefa,

Aisoni,

Fadayomi

et al. 2024

SAJOLS

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The problem of bacteria resistance coupled with microorganisms being implicated as causative agents of many infectious diseases has led to the search for substances (phytochemicals) that can be used to stop the activity of these microorganisms and to reduce or eliminate their effect on the human population and to also curb the menace of bacteria resistance. This study aimed at carrying out phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of whole plant crude extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn against some clinical isolates. The selected clinical isolates (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium) were identified using biochemical tests. The extraction of the whole plant of Euphorbia hirta with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water was done using reflux extraction technique. The screening for phytochemicals was carried out using standard methods while the determination of antibacterial activity of the extracts against selected clinical isolates was carried out using the agar well diffusion method. The results obtained show that phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and reducing sugars were present while cardiac glycosides were absent in all the extracts. The highest (21.33±0.33) antibacterial activity which is concentration-depended was recorded against Pseudomonas fluorescens using ethyl acetate extract while n-hexane extract has no antibacterial activity against any of the clinical isolates which possibly may be due to insufficient bioactive agents in the n-hexane extract. The study revealed that Euphorbia hirta contained phytochemicals that have antibacterial activity and can be very useful in drug development, and traditional and complementary medicine.

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“…The plant is also used for as a lactogenic agent 4 and for curing gonorrhea 5 . Studies have shown that E. heterophylla exhibits antibacterial activity 6,7 , as well as laxative activity 8 . Indeed in Nigeria, the plant is more popular for its laxative properties than for any other use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Euphorbia Heterophylla on Kidney, Liver and Pancreatic Functions and Plasma Electrolytes in Rabbits

Okolie¹,

Falodun²,

Agu³

et al. 2015

J Pharm Sci Innov

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Although the use of Euphorbia heterophylla as herbal laxative in Nigeria is associated with severe and sometimes life-threatening side effects, not much is known about the toxic effect of the herb. This study was designed to assess the effect of aqueous leaf extract of the plant on some vital organ functions in rabbits. Three groups of rabbits (six rabbits/groups) were used. Two groups received either 10 mg or 20 mg of aqueous extract/kg body weight for 18 days via oro-gastric route. Members of the third group received saline and served as controls. On the 18 th day, the rabbits were sacrificed following an overnight fast and blood samples were collected via the ear veins in heparinised bottles for plasma preparation. The kidney, liver and pancreas were quickly dissected out and weighed portions were used in preparation of tissue homogenates for biochemical analysis. Using standard procedures, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST) gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine transaminase (ALT), electrolytes (Na + , K + and Cl-), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, total proteins and albumin were assayed either in tissues or in plasma or both. The results obtained showed that the extract significantly and dose-dependently decreased plasma Na + , urea and creatinine, while plasma Cland K + were significantly elevated relative to control (P < 0.05). The extract also significantly increased fasting blood glucose and plasma amylase (P < 0.05). On the other hand, pancreatic protein and pancreatic amylase were significantly decreased. The plasma levels of GGT, AST and ALP were significantly higher in the extract-treated rabbits, while the activities of the enzymes were significantly decreased in the liver (P < 0.05). ALT did not follow a definite pattern, initially significantly decreasing in plasma and then increasing at the higher extract dose, while the activity of the enzyme significantly increased dose-dependently in the liver (P < 0.05). The extract significantly decreased liver and kidney total protein as well as plasma total protein and plasma albumin (P < 0.05). These results suggest that E. heterophylla may have toxic effects on vital organs and may provide a basis for rationalizing the adverse health effects frequently associated with the use of this herbal laxative.

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Evaluation of antibacterial activities of euphorbia heterophylla

Abstract: (100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, and 3.16 mg/ml)

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants in the Traditional Treatment of Skin and Wound Infections in Eastern Ethiopia

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants in the Traditional Treatment of Skin and Wound Infections in Eastern Ethiopia

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Whole Plant Crude Extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn against Some Clinical Isolates

Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Euphorbia Heterophylla on Kidney, Liver and Pancreatic Functions and Plasma Electrolytes in Rabbits

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