Evaluation of anatomical and functional changes esophageal stump of patients with advanced megaesophagus submitted to subtotal laparoscopic esophagectomy

Abstract

PURPOSE:Evaluate anatomical and functional changes of the esophageal stump and gastric fundus of patients with advanced megaesophagus, submitted to laparoscopic subtotal esophagectomy. METHODS: Twenty patients with advanced megaesophagus, previously submitted to a videolaparoscopic subtotal esophagectomy , were evaluated. Were conducted: radiological evaluation of the stump esophagus with transposed stomach, electromanometric, endoscopic examination and histopathology of the esophageal stump and gastric fundus, without making gastric tube or pyloroplasty. RESULTS: It was observed that the average height and pressure of the anastomosis, in the electromanometric evaluation, were 23.45cm (±1.84cm) and 7.55mmHg (±5.65mmHg). In patients with megaesophagus III, the pressure of the anastomosis was 10.91mmHg (±6.33mmHg), and pressure from the UES, 31.89mmHg (±14.64mm Hg), were significantly higher than those in grade IV. The pathological evaluation detected mild esophagitis in 35% of patients, moderate in 20% and acanthosis glicogenica in 45%. The examination of the gastric fundus showed that 50% of patients were infected with Helicobacter pylori. Chronic gastritis occurred in 95% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic esophagectomy shown to be effective in the treatment of advanced achalasia. The cervical level anastomosis protects the esophageal stump from the aggression resulted from gastric reflux after the esophagectomy. Key words: Laparoscopy. Esophagectomy. Esophageal Achalasia. RESUMO OBJETIVO:Avaliar as alterações anatômicas e funcionais do coto esofágico e fundo gástrico de pacientes com megaesôfago avançado, submetidos à esofagectomia subtotal laparoscópica. MÉTODOS: Vinte pacientes com megaesôfago avançado, previamente submetidos à esofagectomia subtotal videolaparoscópica, foram avaliados. Foram realizados: avaliação radiológica do coto esofágico com o estômago transposto, eletromanometria endoscopia e exame histopatológico do coto esofágico e fundo gástrico,sem fazer tubo gástrico ou piloroplastia. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que a altura média e pressão da anastomose, na avaliação eletromanométrica, foram: 23,45cm (± 1,84cm) e 7,55mmHg (± 5,65mmHg), Em pacientes com megaesôfago III, a pressão da anastomose foi de 10,91mmHg (± 6,33mmHg), e a pressão do ESE, 31,89mmHg (±14,64mmHg) foram significativamente mais elevados do que aqueles em grau IV. A avaliação patológica detectou esofagite leve em 35% dos pacientes, moderada em 20% e acantose glicogênica em 45%. O exame do fundo gástrico mostrou que 50% dos pacientes foram infectados com Helicobacter pylori. Gastrite crônica ocorreu em 95% dos pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: A esofagectomia laparoscópica mostrou-se eficaz no tratamento de acalasia avançada. A anastomose em nível cervical tem um papel protetor para o coto esofágico ao evitar a agressão resultante de refluxo gástrico após a esofagectomia. Descritores: Laparoscopia. Esofagectomia. Acalasia Esofágica. Evaluation of anatomical and functional changes esophageal stump of patients with advanced me...

Long‐Term Results of the Modified Thal Procedure in Patients with Chagasic Megaesophagus

“…Therefore, surgical procedures in which the mucosa is resected would be more suited to prevent the development of carcinomas. However, previous esophagectomy studies have reported a high incidence of gastroduodenal reflux, resulting in esophagitis, development of Barrett epithelium [19] and, subsequently, carcinoma of the esophageal stump [20], in addition to the relatively higher rate of morbidity and mortality associated with resection.…”