Evaluation of alveolar bone loss following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography

Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate the changes in cortical bone thickness, alveolar bone height, and the incidence of dehiscence and fenestration in the surrounding alveolar bone of posterior teeth after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsThe CBCT records of 20 subjects (9 boys, mean age: 13.97 ± 1.17 years; 11 girls, mean age: 13.53 ± 2.12 year) that underwent RME were selected from the archives. CBCT scans had been taken before (T1) and after (T2) the RME. Moreover, 10 of the subjects had 6-month retention (T3) records. We used the CBCT data to evaluate the buccal and palatal aspects of the canines, first and second premolars, and the first molars at 3 vertical levels. The cortical bone thickness and alveolar bone height at T1 and T2 were evaluated with the paired-samples t-test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Repeated measure ANOVA or the Friedman test was used to evaluate the statistical significance at T1, T2, and T3. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThe buccal cortical bone thickness decreased gradually from baseline to the end of the retention period. After expansion, the buccal alveolar bone height was reduced significantly; however, this change was not statistically significant after the 6-month retention period. During the course of the treatment, the incidence of dehiscence and fenestration increased and decreased, respectively.ConclusionsRME may have detrimental effects on the supporting alveolar bone, since the thickness and height of the buccal alveolar bone decreased during the retention period.

Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of dentoskeletal effects produced by the bonded expander and hyrax: a pilot study

“…This find corroborates the recent study carried out by Baysal et al (2013). Although this CBCT study (BAYSAL et al, 2013) did not find a 802 Cone-beam computed… ALMEIDA, G. A. et al statistical difference in the furcation area of the first molars, between the periods after retention and before expansion, it found differences in other regions of the roots and other teeth as well. The coronal parameter 1 evaluated the maxillary transverse dimension and showed numerical increases in both groups.…”

“…This system has the advantage of reducing measurement errors because it is possible to visualize the teeth in sagittal, coronal and axial planes without image superimpositions (AKYALCIN et al, 2013;BAYSAL et al, 2013).…”

“…Several studies have addressed the dentoskeletal effects of these expander appliances (AKYALCIN et al, 2013;ASANZA et al, 1997;BAYSAL et al, 2013;FARRONATO et al, 2008;GARIB et al, 2005;GARRETT et al, 2008;IWASAKI et al, 2014;LAGRAVÈRE et al, 2010;REED et al, 1999;RODRIGUES et al, 2012;SARVER;JOHNSTON, 1989), however, the comparison between them still remains controversial, especially regarding to the vertical effects. Some authors concluded that the bonded expander increases the transverse dimension of the maxilla, but limits or even eliminates changes in vertical dimension (ASANZA et al, 1997;SARVER;JOHNSTON, 1989).…”

“…Conventional radiographs can cause an overlap of the images, which compromises the diagnostic accuracy (GARIB et al, 2005). With the advent of the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the clinician is enabled to acquire images in any plane without overlapping structures, and allowed to evaluate skeletal and dental changes quantitatively and three-dimensionally with minimal distortion (AKYALCIN et al, 2013;BAYSAL et al, 2013).…”

Alveolar bone changes after asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion

“…7,8 RME has also been reported to cause the loss of quality and amount of alveolar bone. 9,10 Although the effects of RME on alveolar bone thickness and alveolar bone height have been investigated in previous studies using 3-D with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), [9][10][11] to our knowledge no study evaluating the effects of asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion (ARME) on alveolar bone in 3-D has been published. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ARME on alveolar bone thickness, buccal alveolar bone height (BABH), and the incidence of dehiscence and fenestration.…”