“…While some of these models have shown success in wind tunnel tests (e.g., Schreiber et al, 2017) and field tests (e.g., Fleming et al, 2017a, b) for power maximization, the actuation frequency is limited to the minutes-scale, since the flow and turbine dynamics are predicted on the minute-scale. Furthermore,5 time-ahead predictions with these models are limited to the time-invariant steady-state, limiting their use for APC. 1 There is a smaller yet significant number of dynamic surrogate wind farm models (e.g., Munters and Meyers, 2017;Boersma et al, 2017b;Shapiro et al, 2017a), which attempt to model the dominant temporal dynamics inside the farm.…”