Evaluation of a school-based peer leader bicycle helmet intervention

Hall, Martin; Cross, Donna; Howat, Peter; Stevenson, Mark; Shaw, Thérèse

doi:10.1080/156609704/233/289652

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This estimate is slightly lower than estimates reported in a recent randomized intervention study, which reported baseline wearing rates for 10 -12-year-old children of between 89% and 93% (Hall et al 2004). However, the reduced prevalence of helmet wearing in this survey could be explained, in part, by the upper age range used in the pilot; research suggests that observed wearing rates among secondary school students is as low as 43% (Department of Transport, Bikewest 1997).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Estimating population-based injury prevention practices

Stevenson

Cercarelli

Lee

et al. 2006

International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion

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This study piloted a survey suitable to generate statewide prevalence estimates for injury prevention practices and/or behaviours. A number of prevalence estimates of injury prevention practices and/or behaviours were generated in the pilot. For example, the prevalence of a household smoke alarm was high (732/1000 households) and yet only 44% of households had tested the functionality of the alarm in the 12 months preceding the survey. Findings of this kind point to an increasing need for primary care practitioners to play a leading role in targeting preventive strategies for injury. In addition, the survey methods and approach highlight the value of such information to health departments and non-government agencies in terms of targeting priority injury risk behaviours and the evaluation of injury-related intervention programmes. The survey has been designed so the methods can be applied nationally and internationally.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Estimating population-based injury prevention practices

Stevenson

Cercarelli

Lee

et al. 2006

International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion

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“…Summary details of the types of interventions are presented in Table 3. [28,31,34,46,54,64,68,69,72,73,81] and eight in middleor low-income countries (China [56,79,84], India [55], Mexico [38,49], Egypt [80] and Tanzania [67]). Thirtyfour studies focused on physical activity and/or nutrition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The World Health Organization’s Health Promoting Schools Framework: A Cochrane Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

Langford

Bonell

Jones

et al. 2014

European Journal of Public Health

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Background: Healthy children achieve better educational outcomes which, in turn, are associated with improved health later in life. The World Health Organization's Health Promoting Schools (HPS) framework is a holistic approach to promoting health and educational attainment in school. The effectiveness of this approach has not yet been rigorously reviewed.Methods: We searched 20 health, education and social science databases, and trials registries and relevant websites in 2011 and 2013. We included cluster randomised controlled trials. Participants were children and young people aged four to 18 years attending schools/colleges. HPS interventions had to include the following three elements: input into the curriculum; changes to the school's ethos or environment; and engagement with families and/or local communities. Two reviewers identified relevant trials, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We grouped studies according to the health topic(s) targeted. Where data permitted, we performed random-effects meta-analyses. Results:We identified 67 eligible trials tackling a range of health issues. Few studies included any academic/ attendance outcomes. We found positive average intervention effects for: body mass index (BMI), physical activity, physical fitness, fruit and vegetable intake, tobacco use, and being bullied. Intervention effects were generally small. On average across studies, we found little evidence of effectiveness for zBMI (BMI, standardized for age and gender), and no evidence for fat intake, alcohol use, drug use, mental health, violence and bullying others. It was not possible to meta-analyse data on other health outcomes due to lack of data. Methodological limitations were identified including reliance on self-reported data, lack of long-term follow-up, and high attrition rates. Conclusion:This Cochrane review has found the WHO HPS framework is effective at improving some aspects of student health. The effects are small but potentially important at a population level.

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“…Example use of the multilevel diagram Hall et al (2004) conducted a randomised, clustered longitudinal intervention study to assess the effectiveness of a school-based bicycle helmet intervention in 27 Western Australian primary schools. They assessed the effectiveness of the intervention at each time point in two ways -by 'observing school-wide helmet use by student cyclists leaving intervention and control schools' and by self-report of helmet use from 1725 Grade 5/6 students classified as 'riders'.…”

Section: The Multilevel Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This Accidental Note proposes a useful schematic diagram to help understand the relationships among variables and the intraclass correlation coefficients. The multilevel study of Hall, Cross, Howat, Stevenson, and Shaw (2004) is used to illustrate the diagram.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%