“…The T. pallidum Haemagglutination Assay (TPHIA) was originally described as a macro-method, reagents for which are available commercially. An automated quantitative micro-haemagglutination assay, the AMHA-Tp test, was developed and evaluated by Cox, Logan, and Norins (1969) and Logan and Cox (1970). Tringali (1970), Cox, Logan, and Stout (1971), Uete, Fukazawa, Ogi, Takeuchi (1971), Le Clair (1971), and Gamer, Backhouse, Daskalopoulos, and Walsh (1972) have also reported on the clinical usefulness of the TPHA test.…”