Evaluation of a new photon-counting imaging detector (PCD) with various acquisition modes

Krebs, Jordan M.; Bednarek, Daniel R.; Rudin, Stephen

doi:10.1117/12.2294629

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Even higher frame rates are possible with photon counting detectors such as the X-counter Actaeon. With a pixel size of 100 um and lower noise due to the counting nature of the detector 3 , reconstructions using such detectors have less noise.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gantry rotational motion-induced blur in cone-beam computed tomography

Krebs

Bednarek

Rudin

2018

Medical Imaging 2018: Physics of Medical Imaging

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As neuro-endovascular image-guided interventions (EIGIs) make use of higher resolution detectors, gantry rotational motion-induced blur becomes more noticeable in acquired projections as well as reconstructed images by reducing the visibility of vascular and device features whose visualization could be critical in the treatment of vascular pathology. Motion-induced blur in projections views is a function of an object’s position in the field-of-view (FOV), gantry rotational speed, and frame capture or exposure time. In this work different frame rates were used to investigate the effects of blurring from individual projections on the reconstructed image. To test the effects of these parameters on reconstructed images, a regular pattern phantom of small objects was simulated and projection views were generated at various different frame rates for a given simulated rotational velocity. The reconstruction was made using a linear interpolation of filtered backprojections. Images reconstructed from lower frame rates showed significant blurring in the azimuthal direction, increasingly worse towards the periphery of the image. However, those reconstructed from higher frame rates showed significantly less blur throughout the entire FOV. While lower frame rates could be used with slower gantry speeds this would increase the risk of voluntary or involuntary patient motion contributing to blur over the entire FOV. A high frame rate used with high gantry speeds could reliable provide images without gantry-motion blur while reducing the risk of patient-motion blur. Frame rates exceeding 2000 fps available with photon counting detectors such as the X-counter Actaeon1 are available.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gantry rotational motion-induced blur in cone-beam computed tomography

Krebs

Bednarek

Rudin

2018

Medical Imaging 2018: Physics of Medical Imaging

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“…The detector’s High Sensitivity with Anti Coincidence setting was used for all experiments. In this acquisition mode, the PCD counts events surpassing each energy threshold using custom ASIC circuitry and corrects for charge sharing among neighboring pixels by identifying the pixel with the maximum signal as the primary interaction site [ 40 ]. X-rays were generated by a L9181-02 39W micro-focus X-ray source (Hamamatsu; tungsten anode; filtration: 0.50 mm beryllium; 16–50 μm spot size).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution hybrid micro-CT imaging pipeline for mouse brain region segmentation and volumetric morphometry

Nadkarni,

Han,

Anderson

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Brain region segmentation and morphometry in humanized apolipoprotein E (APOE) mouse models with a human NOS2 background (HN) contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research by demonstrating how various risk factors affect the brain. Photon-counting detector (PCD) micro-CT provides faster scan times than MRI, with superior contrast and spatial resolution to energy-integrating detector (EID) micro-CT. This paper presents a pipeline for mouse brain imaging, segmentation, and morphometry from PCD micro-CT. Methods We used brains of 26 mice from 3 genotypes (APOE22HN, APOE33HN, APOE44HN). The pipeline included PCD and EID micro-CT scanning, hybrid (PCD and EID) iterative reconstruction, and brain region segmentation using the Small Animal Multivariate Brain Analysis (SAMBA) tool. We applied SAMBA to transfer brain region labels from our new PCD CT atlas to individual PCD brains via diffeomorphic registration. Region-based and voxel-based analyses were used for comparisons by genotype and sex. Results Together, PCD and EID scanning take ~5 hours to produce images with a voxel size of 22 μm, which is faster than MRI protocols for mouse brain morphometry with voxel size above 40 μm. Hybrid iterative reconstruction generates PCD images with minimal artifacts and higher spatial resolution and contrast than EID images. Our PCD atlas is qualitatively and quantitatively similar to the prior MRI atlas and successfully transfers labels to PCD brains in SAMBA. Male and female mice had significant volume differences in 26 regions, including parts of the entorhinal cortex and cingulate cortex. APOE22HN brains were larger than APOE44HN brains in clusters from the hippocampus, a region where atrophy is associated with AD. Conclusions This work establishes a pipeline for mouse brain analysis using PCD CT, from staining to imaging and labeling brain images. Our results validate the effectiveness of the approach, setting a foundation for research on AD mouse models while reducing scanning durations.

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“…The Actaeon detector (XCounter, Danderyd, Sweden) is a singlephoton-counting direct cadmium telluride detector with a 100-m pixel pitch and a 256 ϫ 256 matrix size, capable of acquisition speeds up to 1000 fps. 2…”

Section: Detector Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-Pattern Details in an Aneurysm Model Using High-Speed 1000-Frames-per-Second Angiography

Krebs

Nagesh

Davies

et al. 2019

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Traditional digital subtraction angiography provides rather limited evaluation of contrast flow dynamics when studying and treating intracranial brain aneurysms. A 1000-frames-per-second photon-counting x-ray detector was used to image detailed iodinecontrast flow patterns in an internal carotid artery aneurysm of a 3D-printed vascular phantom. High-speed imaging revealed differences in vortex and inflow patterns with and without a Pipeline Embolization Device flow diverter in more detail and clarity than could be seen in standard pulsed angiography. Improved temporal imaging has the potential to impact the outcomes of endovascular interventions by allowing clinicians to better understand and act on flow dynamics in real-time.

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Evaluation of a new photon-counting imaging detector (PCD) with various acquisition modes

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Gantry rotational motion-induced blur in cone-beam computed tomography

Gantry rotational motion-induced blur in cone-beam computed tomography

High-resolution hybrid micro-CT imaging pipeline for mouse brain region segmentation and volumetric morphometry

Flow-Pattern Details in an Aneurysm Model Using High-Speed 1000-Frames-per-Second Angiography

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