Evaluation of a biomass drying process using waste heat from process industries: A case study

Li, Hanning; Chen, Qun; Zhang, Xiao-Hui; Finney, Karen N.; Sharifi, Vida N.; Swithenbank, J.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.10.009

Cited by 176 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The drying unit can be, e.g., of batch or silo type or alternatively a belt dryer (Brammer and Bridgwater 1999). Utilizing low-grade, waste heat -of which large amounts are available from many process industries -could significantly reduce energy consumption and the profitability of artificial drying (Li et al 2011;Holmberg 2007;Rinne et al 2014). In winter, the surface of freshly harvested timber is often icy or snowy, which can raise the moisture content of wood chips significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-feasibility study of supply systems based on artificial drying of delimbed stem forest chips

Laitila¹,

Ahtikoski²,

Repola³

et al. 2017

Silva Fenn.

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Highlights• With artificial drying and quick delivery, avoiding dry material losses of harvested timber, it could be possible to reduce the current costs of the prevailing procurement system based on natural drying of stored timber at roadside landings.• The maximum cost for the prospective drying process of fresh chips corresponds to, e.g., organization costs or stumpage price of delimbed stems. AbstractThis study was aimed at determining the maximum cost level of artificial drying required for cost-efficient operation. This was done using a system analysis approach, in which the harvesting potential and procurement cost of alternative fuel chip production systems were compared at the stand and regional level. The accumulation and procurement cost of chipped delimbed stems from young forests were estimated within a 100 km transport distance from a hypothetical end use facility located in northern Finland. Logging and transportation costs, stumpage prices, tied up capital, dry matter losses and moisture content of harvested timber were considered in the study. Moisture content of artificially dried fuel chips made of fresh timber (55%) was set to 20%, 30% and 40% in the comparisons. Moisture content of fuel chips based on natural drying during storing was 40%. Transporting costs were calculated according to new higher permissible dimensions and weight limits for truck-trailers. The procurement cost calculations indicated that with artificial drying and by avoiding dry material losses of timber, it could be possible to reduce current costs of the prevailing procurement system based on natural drying of timber at roadside landings. The maximum cost level of artificial drying ranged between 1.2-3.2 € MWh -1 depending on the supply chain, moisture content and procurement volume of fuel chips. This cost margin corresponds to, e.g., organization, forwarding and transportation costs or stumpage price of delimbed stems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-feasibility study of supply systems based on artificial drying of delimbed stem forest chips

Laitila¹,

Ahtikoski²,

Repola³

et al. 2017

Silva Fenn.

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“…This means that dryer dimensions and investment 03008-p. 2 3 rd European Energy Conference costs increase rapidly if very low moisture contents are desired. The lower limit of the feasible MC of the fuel is also set by the fire prevention measures in the power plants.…”

Section: The Drying Needs From the Power Plant Point Of Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood chip drying in connection with combined heat and power or solar energy in Finland

Rinne

Holmberg

Myllymaa

et al. 2014

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. 20% of the Finnish district heating (DH) power plant fuels are wood-based and the share is increasing. The wood fuel demand probably exceeds the potential supply in the future. The wood fuel drying with waste heat is one profitable opportunity to gain more wood fuel. If the drying energy can be produced with lower primary energy use than combusting the fuel directly, the drying potentially improves the system efficiency. In this study, the drying feasibility in the connection of a combined heat and power (CHP) system, possibly with solar collectors, is calculated. The wood fuel heating can be increased profitably by 6%, using the heat from CHP for drying only when the marginal cost of the heat is low enough, i.e. the electricity price is high enough and there is free capacity after the DH demand. Although the drying is profitable, a larger heat storage can also increase the annual result similarly. The best investment choice depends on the plant properties. Here the optimal system enables 20% DH production cost savings. Solar heat may be profitable, when the solar heat has a 2-3% share of the annual heat demand. However, the dryer or larger storage tank are more profitable investments.

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“…c Cost scaling is performed using the power law of capacity. d Original equipment cost is estimated using a wet biomass loading of 30 kg/m 2 of belt area at a loading rate of 10 kg/s and a drying time (τ) of 2500 s, according to the correlations reported in [31]. It is further assumed that the dryer belt is 10 m wide and that the cover is 6 m high.…”

Section: Conflicts Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated SNG Production in a Typical Nordic Sawmill

Mesfun

Anderson²,

Umeki

et al. 2016

Energies

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Advanced biomass-based motor fuels and chemicals are becoming increasingly important to replace fossil energy sources within the coming decades. It is likely that the new biorefineries will evolve mainly from existing forest industry sites, as they already have the required biomass handling infrastructure in place. The main objective of this work is to assess the potential for increasing the profit margin from sawmill byproducts by integrating innovative downstream processes. The focus is on the techno-economic evaluation of an integrated site for biomass-based synthetic natural gas (bio-SNG) production. The option of using the syngas in a biomass-integrated gasification combined cycle (b-IGCC) for the production of electricity (instead of SNG) is also considered for comparison. The process flowsheets that are used to analyze the energy and material balances are modelled in MATLAB and Simulink. A mathematical process integration model of a typical Nordic sawmill is used to analyze the effects on the energy flows in the overall site, as well as to evaluate the site economics. Different plant sizes have been considered in order to assess the economy-of-scale effect. The technical data required as input are collected from the literature and, in some cases, from experiments. The investment cost is evaluated on the basis of conducted studies, third party supplier budget quotations and in-house database information. This paper presents complete material and energy balances of the considered processes and the resulting process economics. Results show that in order for the integrated SNG production to be favored, depending on the sawmill size, a biofuel subsidy in the order of 28-52 €/MWh SNG is required.

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Evaluation of a biomass drying process using waste heat from process industries: A case study

Cited by 176 publications

References 10 publications

Pre-feasibility study of supply systems based on artificial drying of delimbed stem forest chips

Pre-feasibility study of supply systems based on artificial drying of delimbed stem forest chips

Wood chip drying in connection with combined heat and power or solar energy in Finland

Integrated SNG Production in a Typical Nordic Sawmill

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