Evaluation in 4D printing – A review

Kumar, S. Bharani; Jeevamalar, J.; Ramu, P.; Suresh, G.; Senthilnathan, K.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.335

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Four-dimensional printing takes common features from 3D printing for the design and generation of the structure but controls a specific multifunctional response of the printed materials, thus programming the mechanical response to diverse stimuli. For example, some materials respond to temperature, light or a magnetic field through different mechanisms [137]. Magneto-active soft materials (MASM) are shapeprogramable active materials capable of controlled and intended shape transformation and object locomotion.…”

Section: Three-dimensional Printing Of Magneto-active Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Cell and Biological Tissue Environment through Magneto-Active Materials

et al. 2021

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This review focuses on novel applications based on multifunctional materials to actuate biological processes. The first section of the work revisits the current knowledge on mechanically dependent biological processes across several scales from subcellular and cellular level to the cell-collective scale (continuum approaches). This analysis presents a wide variety of mechanically dependent biological processes on nervous system behaviour; bone development and healing; collective cell migration. In the second section, this review presents recent advances in smart materials suitable for use as cell substrates or scaffolds, with a special focus on magneto-active polymers (MAPs). Throughout the manuscript, both experimental and computational methodologies applied to the different treated topics are reviewed. Finally, the use of smart polymeric materials in bioengineering applications is discussed.

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Section: Three-dimensional Printing Of Magneto-active Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Cell and Biological Tissue Environment through Magneto-Active Materials

et al. 2021

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“…The field is emerging and we leave potential real‐world applicability largely to the imagination of the reader. Several similar papers have been recently published; among these are reviews on current developments in 4D printing 24–33 . However, our review focusses specifically on polymers, while still retaining a wide scope with in‐depth commentary on as many instances of smart polymer 4D printing as could be found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer 4D printing: Advanced shape‐change and beyond

Imrie

Jin

2021

Journal of Polymer Science

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4D printing is an exciting branch of additive manufacturing. It relies on established 3D printing techniques to fabricate objects in much the same way. However, structures which fall into the 4D printed category have the ability to change with time, hence the “extra dimension.” The common perception of 4D printed objects is that of macroscopic single‐material structures limited to point‐to‐point shape change only, in response to either heat or water. However, in the area of polymer 4D printing, recent advancements challenge this understanding. A host of new polymeric materials have been designed which display a variety of wonderful effects brought about by unconventional stimuli, and advanced additive manufacturing techniques have been developed to accommodate them. As a result, the horizons of polymer 4D printing have been broadened beyond what was initially thought possible. In this review, we showcase the many studies which evolve the very definition of polymer 4D printing, and reveal emerging areas of research integral to its advancement.

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“…the so-called 4D printing, where time is the fourth dimension [16][17][18][19][20]. 4D printing is expected to bring breakthrough improvements in several domains, such as robotics, sensors, and biomedicine [21][22][23]. In polymeric 4D printing, smart materials, either neat polymers or composites, must possess one or more functions that can be activated by physicochemical stimuli including, solvents [24,25], light [26][27][28], temperature [29][30][31][32][33],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%