Evaluation and Treatment of Prediabetes in Youth

Magge, Sheela N.; Silverstein, Janet H.; Elder, Deborah A.; Nadeau, Kristen J.; Hannon, Tamara S.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.12.061

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar studies from Europe have shown an even higher percentage of adolescents converting back to normal glucose tolerance at the end of puberty[ 34 ]. Further, expert opinion varies regarding prediabetes management in youth, but lifestyle interventions similar to the ones recommended for patients with established T2DM seem to prevent or delay the development of T2DM[ 35 ].…”

Section: Prediabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents

Serbis

Giapros

Kotanidou

et al. 2021

WJD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last two decades, there have been several reports of an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents, especially among those belonging to minority ethnic groups. This trend, which parallels the increases in prevalence and degree of pediatric obesity, has caused great concern, even though T2DM remains a relatively rare disease in children. Youth T2DM differs not only from type 1 diabetes in children, from which it is sometimes difficult to differentiate, but also from T2DM in adults, since it appears to be an aggressive disease with rapidly progressive β-cell decline, high treatment failure rate, and accelerated development of complications. Despite the recent research, many aspects of youth T2DM still remain unknown, regarding both its pathophysiology and risk factor contribution, and its optimal management and prevention. Current management approaches include lifestyle changes, such as improved diet and increased physical activity, together with pharmacological interventions, including metformin, insulin, and the recently approved glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide. What is more important for everyone to realize though, from patients, families and physicians to schools, health services and policy-makers alike, is that T2DM is a largely preventable disease that will be addressed effectively only if its major contributor ( i.e. , pediatric obesity) is confronted and prevented at every possible stage of life, from conception until adulthood. Therefore, relevant comprehensive, coordinated, and innovative strategies are urgently needed.

show abstract

Section: Prediabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the above limitations, prediabetes conception and especially IFG and IGT are widely used in pediatric populations not only to clarify the natural history of progression to overt T2DM but also as a screening tool for T2DM primary prevention, as described in the “Prevention” section below[ 35 ].…”

Section: Prediabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents

Serbis

Giapros

Kotanidou

et al. 2021

WJD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The values for HbA 1c for those with type 2 diabetes were less than favorable and higher than the recommendation to be <7.0%, unless there are problems with hypoglycemia, then values <7.5% are appropriate (American Diabetes Association, 2020). While the values of HbA 1c for those with obesity were not at a level indicative of prediabetes (5.7-6.4%), maintenance of lifestyle modification is warranted and recommended for primary care follow up for ongoing evaluation and initiation of treatment of prediabetes in youth if indicated (Magge, Silverstein, Elder, Nadeau, & Hannon, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Adherence in Hispanic Adolescents with Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes

Faulkner

Michaliszyn²

2021

Journal of Pediatric Nursing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Hispanic adolescents experience high rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine adherence to a 16-week personalized exercise intervention and the perception of family support for exercise, benefits and barriers to exercise and overall health in Hispanic adolescents diagnosed with obesity or type 2 diabetes. Design and methods: Using a secondary analysis of a larger feasibility trial, data from 21 Hispanic adolescents, 13 with T2D and 8 who were obese and 14 that completed the entire 16-weekstudy (7 T2D;7 obese) were analyzed. Adolescents wore an Actigraph™ accelerometer for tracking exercise throughout the 16-week intervention. Results: The adherence rate for the intervention was 59% for those with T2D and was 88% for those with obesity. Overall perceptions of health improved for those completing the 16-week intervention. Barriers to exercise were negatively associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and were higher in those with T2D. Conclusions: Adolescents with T2D were less adherent to their personalized exercise program than those who were obese. Practice implications: Strategies that address cultural preferences and family engagement are needed to address barriers to exercise for Hispanic youth, particularly those already diagnosed with T2D that have high risks for early onset of disease complications.

show abstract

“…In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort database, 13.1% of United States adolescents had impaired fasting glycemia, and 3.4% had impaired glucose tolerance after oral glucose load. In addition, the prevalence of prediabetes was even greater among those with obesity, affecting up to 30% of these adolescents [7]. This data are particularly worrying for the foreseeable future, because adolescents with prediabetes also have a greater risk of developing T2D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 Diabetes and Dietary Carbohydrate Intake of Adolescents and Young Adults: What Is the Impact of Different Choices?

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 2 diabetes mellitus has a high prevalence worldwide, with a rapidly increasing incidence even in youth. Nutrition, dietary macronutrient composition, and in particular dietary carbohydrates play a major role in the development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the current evidence on the role of dietary carbohydrates in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. The digestibility or availability of carbohydrates and their glycemic index (and glycemic load) markedly influence the glycemic response. High consumption of dietary fiber is beneficial for management of type 2 diabetes, whereas high consumption of both glycemic starch and sugars may have a harmful effect on glucose metabolism, thereby increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the presence of genetic predisposition or making its glycemic control more difficult to achieve in people with established T2D. Therefore, the same dietary macronutrient may have harmful or beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes mainly depending on the subtypes consumed. Some other factors are involved in glucose metabolism, such as meal composition, gut microbiota and genetics. For this reason, the glycemic response after carbohydrate consumption is not easy to predict in the single individual. Nutrition suggested to subjects with known type 2 diabetes should be always person-centered, considering the individual features of each subject.

show abstract

Evaluation and Treatment of Prediabetes in Youth

Cited by 34 publications

References 65 publications

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents

Exercise Adherence in Hispanic Adolescents with Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes and Dietary Carbohydrate Intake of Adolescents and Young Adults: What Is the Impact of Different Choices?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About