Evaluation and Application of a Bioluminescent Bacterial Genotoxicity Test

Sun, Thomas S. C.; Stahr, H. M.

doi:10.1093/jaoac/76.4.893

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The efficacy of the Mutatox TM assay was determined using the positive controls 2-aminoacridine and phenol in the absence of exogenous activation and using benzo(a)pyrene in the presence of S-9 enzymes. The mutagenic responses to both compounds were consistent with previous results (Johnson, 1992a;Sun and Stahr, 1993), confirming the effectiveness of the assay and the inductive capacity of the enzymes.…”

Section: Genotoxicitysupporting

confidence: 89%

Microbial genotoxicity as an environmental indicator for near-coastal sediment pore waters

2006

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The genotoxic potential of sediment pore water collected from coastal areas in the Gulf of Mexico has not been reported frequently in the literature. This report summarizes a study of the microbial mutagenicity of 31 pore water samples obtained from sediment affected by non-point source runoff and compares the results with those for more traditional chemical and biological indicators of sediment quality. Genotoxicity was determined pre- and post-enzyme activation using a proprietary short-term microbial assay for pore water centrifuged from sediment collected adjacent to a Florida coastal golf complex and from an urbanized bayou-estuary. Sediment and the associated pore water also were analyzed for acute toxicity to Hyallela azteca, Palaemonetes pugio, or Americamysis bahia and for benthic macroinvertebrate diversity (sediment only). Genotoxicity (direct and enzyme-activated) was detected in 4 of 17 (golf complex) and in 10 of 14 (urbanized bayou) pore water samples. The lowest toxic pore water concentrations were between 1.8% and 44.4% (direct) and between 2.6% and 25% (enzyme-activated). The results of the genotoxic assay paralleled those based on exceedance of proposed sediment quality guidelines, pore water acute toxicity and Shannon-Wiener diversity index values for 81%, 58%, and 65% of the comparisons, respectively.

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Section: Genotoxicitysupporting

confidence: 89%

Microbial genotoxicity as an environmental indicator for near-coastal sediment pore waters

2006

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“…1985; Levi et al. 1986; Ulitzur and Barak 1988; Sun and Stahr 1993). Such a restoration occurs upon contact with a mutagen which causes a reversion of the mutation in the region controlling an expression of lux genes.…”

Section: Using Bacteria To Detect Mutagens: a General Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of mutagenic pollution of natural environment using microbiological assays

Węgrzyn

Czyż

2003

J Appl Microbiol

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“…The Mutatox genotoxicity test, (Ho et al 1994) uses a dark mutant of luminescent bacteria, Vibrio fischeri, strain M169. The presence of genotoxic agents including those that induce base-substitution or frame-shift, DNA synthesis inhibitors, and DNA-intercalating agents, that are capable of inducing mutations are detected by the restoration of luminescence to the dark mutant (Sun andStahr 1993, Johnson 1994). Dried fractions were measured in a series of 1:2 dilutions ranging from 10 to 0.0195 mg/mL (i.e., a concentration range of 0.195% to 100%) at the Pacific Environmental Science Center (Environment Canada Laboratory), North Vancouver, British Columbia.…”

Section: Biotic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Characteristics of Wetlands Receiving an Industrial Effluent

Bendell-Young¹,

Bennett²,

Crowe³

et al. 2000

Ecological Applications

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The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the ecological characteristics of wetland ecosystems that had developed in response to oil sands effluent relative to reference wetland ecosystems and, from such an evaluation, to assess whether these wetlands were viable systems capable of integrating into the northern Canadian landscape. A secondary objective was to evaluate the use of several ecologically relevant endpoints as indicators of an ecosystem response to a known anthropogenic stress, in this case, wetlands receiving oil sands effluent. To achieve this, a suite of endpoints were compared between effluent-impacted wetlands and nonimpacted reference wetlands. Endpoints for comparison included: (1) benthic macroinvertebrate community structure, (2) chironomid density and biomass, (3) the incidence of chironomid mentum deformities, (4) the mutagenetic potential of sediment-dwelling chironomids, (5) growth and photosynthetic rate for the aquatic plant Typha latifolia (cattail), and (6) fish acute lethality and stress response as measured by changes in blood chemistry (percentage hematocrit [%hct], percentage leucocrit [%lct], and differential white blood cell count). Wetlands receiving oil sands effluent supported a low-diversity benthic community, dominated primarily by the Chironomidae and cattail. There was no evidence of mentum deformities or mutagenicity in chironomids sampled from the oil-impacted wetlands. Cattails grown in oil sands effluent and sediment demonstrated increased photosynthetic rates; however, these increased rates did not translate into increased plant growth. In contrast to the benthic community and the cattail, indigenous fish were unable to survive in wetlands containing oil sands effluent. Fish displayed altered blood chemistry (elevated %hct, depressed %lct) and ultimately death when held beyond 14 d in the oil-impacted wetlands. Of the various ecological endpoints measured, the macroinvertebrate community and changes in fish blood chemistry were the most sensitive indicators of an anthropogenic stress, demonstrating distinct differences in response between impacted and reference wetlands. To ensure that these wetlands can safely integrate into the northern Canadian landscape, future studies need to focus on their impacts at higher trophic levels indigenous to the wetland.

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Evaluation and Application of a Bioluminescent Bacterial Genotoxicity Test

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Microbial genotoxicity as an environmental indicator for near-coastal sediment pore waters

Microbial genotoxicity as an environmental indicator for near-coastal sediment pore waters

Detection of mutagenic pollution of natural environment using microbiological assays

Ecological Characteristics of Wetlands Receiving an Industrial Effluent

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