Evaluating web site accessibility

Rømen, Dagfinn; Svanæs, Dag

doi:10.1145/1463160.1463238

Cited by 23 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…WCAG provides 65 checkpoints that cover 14 guidelines which facilitate developing an accessible website. These checkpoints are distributed into three levels: A, AA, AAA which has priority1, 2, and 3 PAPER EVALUATING WEB ACCESSIBILITY OF EDUCATIONAL WEBSITES consequently [22]. Based on these levels, the website can be categorized as follows:…”

Section: Web Accessibility and E-learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Web Accessibility of Educational Websites

Shawar

2015

Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Learn.

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Abstract-Web accessibility concerns of building websites that are accessible by all people regardless of their ability or disability. The W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) has been established to raise awareness of universal access. WAI develops guidelines which can help to ensure that Web pages are widely accessible. Assistive technology is used to increase, improve, and maintain capabilities of disabled persons to execute tasks that are sometimes difficult or impossible to do without technical aid. Also it helps them achieve their scholar, professional and social activities. This paper exposes an approach to investigate accessible contents of educational websites to ensure and measure its compliance with accessibility standards for visually impaired people. This study focuses on studying existing standards and investigating its applicability on educational institute websites. This will increase accessibility on e-learning materials that are provided by educational institutes. In this paper a sample of websites at selected universities in Jordan are evaluated in terms of accessibility in comparison to some universities websites in England and Arabic region. Results show that accessibility errors of universities websites in Jordan, and Arab region exceed the ones in UK by 13 times, and 5 times consequently.

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Section: Web Accessibility and E-learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Web Accessibility of Educational Websites

Shawar

2015

Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Learn.

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“…They therefore need to be fully accessible and usable for all. Despite the existence of numerous accessibility guidelines to help developers and designers create more accessible applications and web pages [61] and [62], disabled users, including those who interact via screen reader [57], are still likely to experience barriers to their use [52]. Studies show that the guidelines do not cover all the problems encountered by disabled users [16], [51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Video Conferencing Tools: Comparative Study of the Experiences of Screen Reader Users and the Development of More Inclusive Design Guidelines

Leporini

Buzzi

Hersh

2023

ACM Trans. Access. Comput.

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Since the first lockdown in 2020, video conferencing tools have become increasingly important for employment, education, and social interaction, making them essential tools in everyday life. This study investigates the accessibility and usability of the desktop and mobile versions of three popular video conferencing tools, Zoom, Google Meet and MS Teams, for visually impaired people interacting via screen readers and keyboard or gestures. This involved two inspection evaluations to test the most important features of the desktop and mobile device versions and two surveys of visually impaired users to obtain information about the accessibility of the selected video conferencing tools. 65 and 94 people answered the surveys for desktop and mobile platforms respectively. The results showed that Zoom was preferred to Google Meet and MS Teams, but that none of the tools was fully accessible via screen reader and keyboard or gestures. Finally, the results of this empirical study were used to develop a set of guidelines for designers of video conferencing tools and assistive technology.

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Short Scales of Satisfaction Assessment: A Proxy to Involve Disabled Users in the Usability Testing of Websites

Borsci

Federici

Mele

et al. 2015

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. Short scales of user satisfaction analysis are largely applied in usability studies as part of the measures to assess the interaction experience of users. Among the traditional tools, System Usability Scale (SUS), composed of 10 items, is the most applied quick evaluation scale. Recently, researchers have proposed two new and shorter scales: the Usability Metric for User Experience (UMUX), composed of four items, and the UMUX-LITE, which consists of only the two positive items of UMUX. Despite their recent creation, researchers in human-computer interaction (HCI) have already showed that these two tools are reliable and strongly correlated to each other [1][2][3]. Nevertheless, there are still no studies about the use of these questionnaires with disabled users. As HCI experts claim [4][5][6][7], when disabled and elderly users are included in the assessment cohorts, they add to the overall analysis alternative and extended perspectives about the usability of a system. This is particularly relevant to those interfaces that are designed to serve a large population of end-users, such as websites of public administration or public services. Hence, for a practitioner adding to the evaluation cohorts a group of disabled people may sensibly extend number and types of errors identified during the assessment. One of the major obstacles in creating mixed cohorts is due to the increase in time and costs of the evaluation. Often, the budget does not support the inclusion of disabled users in the test. In order to overcome these hindrances, the administering to disabled users of a short questionnaire-after a period of use (expert disabled costumers) or after an interaction test performed through a set of scenario-driven tasks (novice disabled users)-permits to achieve a good trade-off between a limited effort in terms of time and costs and the advantage of evaluating the user satisfaction of disabled people in the use of websites. To date, researchers have neither analyzed the use of SUS, UMUX, and UMUX-LITE by disabled users, nor the reliability of these tools, or the relationship among those scales when administrated to disabled people. In this paper, we performed a usability test with 10 blind and 10 sighted users on the Italian website of public train transportation to observe the differences between the two evaluation cohorts in terms of: (i) number of identified errors, (ii) average score of the three questionnaires, and (iii) reliability and correlation of the three scales.The outcomes confirmed that the three scales, when administered to blind or sighted users, are reliable (Cronbach's α > 0.8), though UMUX reliability with disabled users is lower than expected (Cronbach's α < 0.5). Moreover, all the scales are strongly correlated (p < .001) in line with previous studies. Nevertheless, significant differences were identified between sighed and blind participants in terms of (i) number of errors experienced during the interaction and (ii) average satisfaction rated through the three questionnaires. Our data ...

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Evaluating web site accessibility

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluating Web Accessibility of Educational Websites

Evaluating Web Accessibility of Educational Websites

Video Conferencing Tools: Comparative Study of the Experiences of Screen Reader Users and the Development of More Inclusive Design Guidelines

Short Scales of Satisfaction Assessment: A Proxy to Involve Disabled Users in the Usability Testing of Websites

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