Evaluating the Role of Perceived Stress on the Likelihood of Having a Non - Fatal Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the independent role of perceived stress, measured by the PSS-14, on the likelihood of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Conclusion:This is a case-control study with individual matching by age and sex. During 2010-2012, 250 consecutive patients (60±11 years, 78% men) with a first ACS and 250 population-based, control subjects (60±8.6 years, 77.6% men), were enrolled. Perceived stress levels were evaluated with the PSS-14 scale, depression status was assessed with the Zung Depression Rating Scale, anxiety status with the STAI scale and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed by the MedDietScore.Conclusion:Higher perceived stress was associated with increased likelihood of having an ACS, after adjusting for various factors (OR=1.15, %CI 1.11, 1.18). STAI and ZUNG scale were positively associated with the likelihood of having an ACS (OR: 1.27 %CI 1.20-1.34, p<0.001 and OR: 1.49 %CI 1.36-1.63, p<0.001 respectively). Stratified analysis by sex showed a greater impact of perceived stress in men, compared with women (Wald test value 45.65 vs 18.56, respectively). When stratifying by depression levels, the effect of perceived stress on ACS was not significant among depressed individuals. When stratifying by level of anxiety, higher odds of having an ACS was found in the low anxiety group (OR: 1.129, %CI 1.047-1.218).Conclusion:Perceived stress appears as an independent ACS risk factor, although no causal relationship can be extracted due to the nature of the study. Early recognition and treatment of perceived stress may lead to ACS risk reduction.

Psychoemotional risk factors for non-communicable diseases in outpatient practice. Guidelines for internists

“…Стресс оказывает негативное влияние на здоровье, трудоспособность и качество жизни населения. Лица, испытывающие хронический стресс, чаще проявляют привычки пагубного для здоровья поведения -недостаточное или избыточное питание, низкую физическую активность, злоупотребление алкоголем, курение и т.д., что непосредственно сказывается на состоянии их здоровья и качества жизни в целом [35][36][37][38].…”

“…ЖИ увеличивает риск развития кардиологической патологии, инсульта и смертности от всех причин почти в 1,5 раза [63], а в проспективных наблюдениях риск для ССЗ при наличии ЖИ возрастает в 2,6 раза. Распространенность ЖИ в мужской популяции 25-64 лет особенно высока [5,38]. Популяционный вклад ЖИ у женщин на 1 месте, у мужчин на 4, т.е.…”

“…Популяционный вклад ЖИ у женщин на 1 месте, у мужчин на 4, т.е. данный фактор является одним из главных в развитии неблагоприятных исходов сердечно-сосудистой патологии [38].…”

The Influence of Psychosocial Factors on the Development of Ischemic Heart Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome

“…Результаты применения современных технологий исследования свидетельствуют о том, что острый стресс с учетом индивидуальной реактивности симпатической нервной системы запускает ишемию миокарда, способствует аритмогенезу, активирует функцию тромбоцитов и увеличивает вязкость крови. Исследования указывают на предшествующие эффекты дисфункции и повреждения эндотелия сосудов, вызванные острым стрессом [14].…”

Influence of Sociodemographic and Emotional Factors on the Relationship between Self-Compassion and Perceived Stress among Men Residing in Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…In this sense, perceived stress has been considered a psychosocial vulnerability factor, leading to adverse outcomes in mental and physical health [21,24]. For instance, in studying the role of perceived stress in acute coronary syndrome, literature findings indicate that men were more likely to be impacted by stress than women [25]. In addition, significant increases in stress levels due to the COVID-19 pandemic have been observed in different countries, which may pose risks of developing more severe disorders for various groups [26].…”