Evaluating the Potential of Hosting Capacity Enhancement Using Integrated Grid Planning modeling Methods

Saad, Syahrul Nizam Md; Weijde, Adriaan Hendrik van der

doi:10.3390/en12193610

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, the next solar PV injection is situated at A6/10, and the simulation is run to determine the next operating conditions of the distribution transformer. It is anticipated that any excess generation is fed back into the grid upstream of the transformer when the injected PV production exceeds the load requirement, as suggested in (8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Reverse Power Flow on Distributed Transformers in a Solar-Photovoltaic-Integrated Low-Voltage Network

Majeed

Nwulu

2022

Energies

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Modern low-voltage distribution systems necessitate solar photovoltaic (PV) penetration. One of the primary concerns with this grid-connected PV system is overloading due to reverse power flow, which degrades the life of distribution transformers. This study investigates transformer overload issues due to reverse power flow in a low-voltage network with high PV penetration. A simulation model of a real urban electricity company in Ghana is investigated against various PV penetration levels by load flows with ETAP software. The impact of reverse power flow on the radial network transformer loadings is examined for high PV penetrations. Using the least squares method, simulation results are modelled in Excel software. Transformer backflow limitations are determined by correlating operating loads with PV penetration. At high PV penetration, the models predict reverse power flow into the transformer. Interpolations from the correlation models show transformer backflow operating limits of 78.04 kVA and 24.77% at the threshold of reverse power flow. These limits correspond to a maximum PV penetration limit of 88.30%. In low-voltage networks with high PV penetration; therefore, planners should consider transformer overload limits caused by reverse power flow, which degrades transformer life. This helps select control schemes near substation transformers to limit reverse power flow.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these challenges include protective measures, problems with reverse power flow, and hosting capacity [6,7]. Additionally, variability and intermittency pose reliability challenges for PV grid integration [8]. These adverse challenges depend on the level of PV penetration into the grid and the network load demand response [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Reverse Power Flow on Distributed Transformers in a Solar-Photovoltaic-Integrated Low-Voltage Network

Majeed

Nwulu

2022

Energies

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“…The research in [13] investigated the PV hosting capacity for Switzerland's medium voltage distribution grid, in which a battery energy storage was used to extend the PV hosting capacity. The authors of [14] evaluated the PV hosting capacity using integrated grid planning modelling approaches, in which a two-stage transmission and generation expansion model was combined with the distribution network PV hosting capacity assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation into the Potential of Hosting Capacity and the Frequency Stability of a Regional Grid with Increasing Penetration Level of Large-Scale PV Systems

Alshahrani¹,

Omer²,

Su³

2021

Electronics

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It is widely believed that the incorporation of renewable energy to the current power grid is the way forward in achieving sustainable power generation. Currently, with the reduction of PV prices, many countries have started connecting PV systems into their grid network, hence leading to a sharp increase of the penetration levels of renewable electricity production. This will bring significant change in the load pattern and the ramping requirements of the grid’s conventional generation system due to the varying nature of the renewable energy generation. This significant change affects the stability of the grid frequency because it becomes more challenging for the system operators to maintain the equilibrium between the generation and load. Additionally, this significant change affects the PV system potential hosting capacity of the traditional grid because of the PV system’s curtailment in order to comply with the constraints of the grid’s conventional generation system. In this paper, the net load, grid frequency stability, and grid potential hosting capacity are evaluated in the situation of increasing the penetration level of large-scale PV systems generation into the grid. The results show that the grid operators will face increasingly variable net load patterns and steeper ramping events as the PV system penetration level increases. Additionally, the results show the requirement of having flexibility measures that target each grid constraint as the PV system penetration level increases.

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“…In this case, the surplus energy produced during the time of low energy consumption flows in a reverse direction in the distribution network, which were designed to supply power in a unidirectional manner [11]. Hence, the intermittent nature of DER technologies and the reverse power flow poses challenges towards the integration of DER into the distribution networks [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Tools and Methods for Distribution Networks’ Hosting Capacity Calculation

2020

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Integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has numerous advantages as well as some disadvantages. To safely integrate DERs into a given distribution network and to maximize their benefits, it is important to thoroughly analyze the impact of DERs on that particular network. The maximum amount of DERs that a given distribution network can accommodate without causing technical problems or without requiring infrastructure modifications is defined as the hosting capacity (HC). In this work, a review of the recent literature regarding the HC is presented. The major limiting factors of HC are found to be voltage deviation, phase unbalance, thermal overload, power losses, power quality, installation location and protection devices’ miscoordination. The studies are found to employ one of four different methods for HC calculation: (i) deterministic, (ii) stochastic, (iii) optimization-based and (iv) streamlined. Commercially available tools for HC calculation are also presented. The review concludes that the choice of tools and methods for HC calculation depends on the data available and the type of study that is to be performed.

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Evaluating the Potential of Hosting Capacity Enhancement Using Integrated Grid Planning modeling Methods

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Impact of Reverse Power Flow on Distributed Transformers in a Solar-Photovoltaic-Integrated Low-Voltage Network

Impact of Reverse Power Flow on Distributed Transformers in a Solar-Photovoltaic-Integrated Low-Voltage Network

An Investigation into the Potential of Hosting Capacity and the Frequency Stability of a Regional Grid with Increasing Penetration Level of Large-Scale PV Systems

A Review of the Tools and Methods for Distribution Networks’ Hosting Capacity Calculation

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