Evaluating the Fighter Jet Crisis in Turkish-Russian Relations

Erşen, Emre

doi:10.25253/99.2017194.06

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This new US policy in Syria has not only alienated Ankara, but also prepared the grounds for the development of a gradual strategic rapprochement between Turkey, Russia and Iran. Although the downing of a Russian fighter jet by the Turkish forces over the Turkish-Syrian border in November 2015 caused a serious crisis between Ankara and Moscow which could only be resolved in the summer of 2016 with Erdoğan's letter of regret to Putin, the strengthened military ties between the US and PYD/YPG urged the Turkish leaders to move closer to the Russia-Iran axis in Syria (Đidić & Kösebalaban, 2019;Erşen, 2017;Köstem, 2020;Özdal, 2020). Eventually, Turkey, Russia and Iran launched the "Astana talks" in December 2016 as a major diplomatic platform bringing the representatives of the Assad regime and the Syrian opposition around the negotiation table.…”

Section: Regional Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the growing asymmetric interdependence in economic relations and the intensification of institutional ties have attracted significant attention (Köstem, 2018;Öniş & Yılmaz, 2016). Some of these studies additionally highlight Russia's military involvement in Syria in September 2015 and the failed coup attempt that took place in Turkey in July 2016 as significant milestones in the shaping of the Turkish-Russian strategic relations (Erşen, 2017;Özdal 2020;Aktürk, 2019;Rüma & Çelikpala, 2019). Yet, Turkey's interest in developing closer ties with Russia cannot be fully understood in isolation from how the Turkish leaders have viewed the changing balances in the global, regional and domestic dynamics particularly since the second half of the 2000s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Turkey’s Interest in Closer Relations with Russia: Global, Regional and Domestic Dynamics

Erşen¹,

Köstem²

2020

siyasal

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Recently, debates on a shift of axis in Turkish foreign policy have resurfaced. Many analysts perceive the geopolitical alignment between Turkey and Russia as a deliberate Turkish response to its deteriorating ties with the West. The goal of this paper is to shed light on the factors that have fostered the interest of the Turkish political elite in developing strategic relations with Russia. We argue that Turkey's alignment with Russia has global, regional and domestic dimensions. First, especially after the global financial crisis of 2008, Russia managed to successfully realign itself with rising powers like China and India, while also strengthening its traditional position as a global player. Second, in addition to its strong influence in the Black Sea, the Caucasus and Central Asia, Russia has become a major actor in other regions in the immediate neighborhood of Turkey such as the Middle East and the East Mediterranean. Finally, the failed coup attempt of July 2016 in Turkey has added a strong psychological dimension to the Turkish-Russian rapprochement. Nevertheless, Turkey's interest in closer ties with Russia is not expected to lead to a reorientation in Turkish foreign policy away from its position in the traditional transatlantic alliance.

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Section: Regional Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turkey’s Interest in Closer Relations with Russia: Global, Regional and Domestic Dynamics

Erşen¹,

Köstem²

2020

siyasal

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“…Growing economic relations between Ankara and Moscow had already risen to the level of 'strategic partnership' in 2010 with the signing of a pact to build Turkey's first nuclear power plant. 13 However, this partnership was overshadowed by diverging policies in the Syrian crisis for a long time. After the 2016 July bloody coup attempt, Turkey not only started to work together with Russia in the Syrian crisis, it also signed an accord for Moscow to supply Ankara with S-400 surfaceto-air missile batteries.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-level Analysis of Turkey’s Crisis with the U.S.-led Order

Balcı¹

2019

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“…The Syrian crisis has pushed the two countries towards working on a joint ceasefire planwhich has been replete with difficultiesand coordinating their military forces and intelligence organizations on the ground. The jet crisis of November 2015 and the following "strategic dialogue" in Syria has also practically ended the compartmentalization that had marked bilateral ties in the preceding two decades (Erşen 2017c). The next section turns to the causes and the key components of Russian-Turkish geopolitical alignment over the Syrian conflict.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Russian-Turkish cooperation in Syria: geopolitical alignment with limits

Köstem

2020

Cambridge Review of International Affairs

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Russian and Turkish interests have clashed over Syria since the beginning of the conflict in late 2011. Yet, in Summer 2016, the two governments emerged as deal makers in the Syrian conflict. Due to a host of international and regional reasons, Russia and Turkey have enhanced cooperation on the ground in Syria. This article argues that the concept of alignment best captures the various forms of security cooperation taking shape in different regions of the world and is useful to explain Russian-Turkish security cooperation in Syria. It offers a detailed account of the origins and key components of Russian-Turkish geopolitical alignment in Syria. Military coordination and the search for a political settlement have been the salient components of this process. Cooperation in Syria has also had a spillover effect in other sectors. However, the article argues that Russian-Turkish geopolitical alignment is unlikely to transform into a more durable security partnership as the two countries continue to prefer divergent outcomes in Syria. Still, Russian-Turkish geopolitical alignment has significant implications for the regional order in an age of American decline.

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Evaluating the Fighter Jet Crisis in Turkish-Russian Relations

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Turkey’s Interest in Closer Relations with Russia: Global, Regional and Domestic Dynamics

Turkey’s Interest in Closer Relations with Russia: Global, Regional and Domestic Dynamics

A Three-level Analysis of Turkey’s Crisis with the U.S.-led Order

Russian-Turkish cooperation in Syria: geopolitical alignment with limits

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