Evaluating the deterioration effects of building stones using NDT: the Küçükköy Church, Cappadocia Region, central Turkey

Hatır, M. Ergün; Korkanç, Mustafa; Başar, M. Emin

doi:10.1007/s10064-018-1339-x

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Decreases in the surface hardness value are directly associated with the deterioration status of the material. The Schmidt hammer rebound test is an NDT used to determine the surface hardness of stone materials (Hatır, Korkanç, and Başar, 2018;İnce, Bozdağ, Tosunlar, Hatır, and Korkanç, 2018;Korkanç, İnce, Hatır, and Tosunlar, 2018). There is a direct relationship between these test data and uniaxial compressive strengths of rocks (Aydin and Basu, 2005).…”

Section: Non-destructive Testing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Determination of Deteriorations on the Mısırlıoğlu Bridge (Konya, Turkey) by Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT)

Tosunlar

Hatır

İnce³

et al. 2018

ICONARP

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Transportation has been one of the basic requirements of humanity since the earliest periods of civilization. One of the architectural structures designed to meet this requirement is historic stone bridges. One of the most important stages in these conservation works is the assessment of materials that constitute the structures. Non-destructive testing techniques (NDT) are widely used to obtain qualitative data and also make comparisons. In this study, it was aimed to determine deteriorations on the Mısırlıoğlu Bridge located in Sille settlement of Konya by NDT technique and to form the map from obtained values to perform conservation works. As a result of the analyses performed, considerable deteriorations in the building stones used in the abutments and arches of the structure were determined. Besides, it is detected that uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) value of the fresh samples is high (UCS: 61 MPa) while UCS values of the building stones used at the bridge decrease in the range of low and high (8-51 MPa) due to the atmospheric effects.

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Section: Non-destructive Testing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Determination of Deteriorations on the Mısırlıoğlu Bridge (Konya, Turkey) by Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT)

Tosunlar

Hatır

İnce³

et al. 2018

ICONARP

Self Cite

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“…The full 3D sonic or ultrasonic tomographies are especially devoted to the internal study of pillars and columns [234]. Many examples of built heritage inspection through sonic and ultrasonic sensing can be found in recent bibliography [207,229,[235][236][237][238][239][240][241][242][243].…”

Section: Active Elastic Wave Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Close-Range Sensing and Data Fusion for Built Heritage Inspection and Monitoring—A Review

Adamopoulos

Rinaudo

2021

Remote Sensing

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Built cultural heritage is under constant threat due to environmental pressures, anthropogenic damages, and interventions. Understanding the preservation state of monuments and historical structures, and the factors that alter their architectural and structural characteristics through time, is crucial for ensuring their protection. Therefore, inspection and monitoring techniques are essential for heritage preservation, as they enable knowledge about the altering factors that put built cultural heritage at risk, by recording their immediate effects on monuments and historic structures. Nondestructive evaluations with close-range sensing techniques play a crucial role in monitoring. However, data recorded by different sensors are frequently processed separately, which hinders integrated use, visualization, and interpretation. This article’s aim is twofold: i) to present an overview of close-range sensing techniques frequently applied to evaluate built heritage conditions, and ii) to review the progress made regarding the fusion of multi-sensor data recorded by them. Particular emphasis is given to the integration of data from metric surveying and from recording techniques that are traditionally non-metric. The article attempts to shed light on the problems of the individual and integrated use of image-based modeling, laser scanning, thermography, multispectral imaging, ground penetrating radar, and ultrasonic testing, giving heritage practitioners a point of reference for the successful implementation of multidisciplinary approaches for built cultural heritage scientific investigations.

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“…An alternative way of mapping deterioration is the visualization of damage levels/indexes, which can be either accomplished directly or indirectly by analyzing the mapped deterioration patterns [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The additional spatial annotation of lithotypes facilitates the association between materials and alteration [1, [11][12][13][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Mapping supports the interpretation of weathering phenomena when combined with data from non-destructive testing (NDT) [8, 9, 17-20, 22, 24, 25], laboratory mineralogical, chemical and physical characterization [15,18,19,23,26], and environmental measurements [8,12,18,19,25,27].…”

Section: Mapping the Preservation Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Learning-based classification of multispectral images for deterioration mapping of historic structures

Adamopoulos

2021

J Build Rehabil

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The conservation of historic structures requires detailed knowledge of their state of preservation. Documentation of deterioration makes it possible to identify risk factors and interpret weathering mechanisms. It is usually performed using non-destructive methods such as mapping of surface features. The automated mapping of deterioration is a direction not often explored, especially when the investigated architectural surfaces present a multitude of deterioration forms and consist of heterogeneous materials, which significantly complicates the generation of thematic decay maps. This work combines reflectance imaging and supervised segmentation, based on machine learning methods, to automatically segment deterioration patterns on multispectral image composites, using a weathered historic fortification as a case study. Several spectral band combinations and image classification techniques (regression, decision tree, and ensemble learning algorithmic implementations) are evaluated to propose an accurate approach. The automated thematic mapping facilitates the spatial and semantic description of the deterioration patterns. Furthermore, the utilization of low-cost photographic equipment and easily operable digital image processing software adds to the practicality and agility of the presented methodology.

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Evaluating the deterioration effects of building stones using NDT: the Küçükköy Church, Cappadocia Region, central Turkey

Cited by 31 publications

References 53 publications

The Determination of Deteriorations on the Mısırlıoğlu Bridge (Konya, Turkey) by Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT)

The Determination of Deteriorations on the Mısırlıoğlu Bridge (Konya, Turkey) by Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT)

Close-Range Sensing and Data Fusion for Built Heritage Inspection and Monitoring—A Review

Learning-based classification of multispectral images for deterioration mapping of historic structures

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