Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of invasive alien plant clearing: A case study from South Africa

McConnachie, Matthew M.; Cowling, Richard M.; Wilgen, Brian W. van; McConnachie, Dominic

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2012.06.006

Cited by 75 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Some types of restoration will be driven mostly by economic considerations, while others will be more focused on participatory or eco-cultural perspectives. Whichever perspective predominates in any given situation, there is increasing recognition that cost-effectiveness is an essential ingredient for good design of restoration projects (McConnachie et al 2012). Cost effectiveness will be enhanced by solution scanning (Sutherland et al 2014) and is a pre-requisite for broad scale restoration.…”

Section: Restoration In Complex Socio-ecological Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Simultaneous environmental changes challenge biodiversity persistence and human wellbeing. The science and practice of restoration ecology, in collaboration with other disciplines, can contribute to overcoming these challenges. This endeavor requires a solid conceptual foundation based in empirical research which confronts, tests and influences theoretical developments. We review conceptual developments in restoration ecology over the last 30 years. We frame our review in the context of changing restoration goals which reflect increased societal awareness of the scale of environmental degradation and the recognition that inter-disciplinary approaches are needed to tackle environmental problems. Restoration ecology now encompasses facilitative interactions and network dynamics, trophic cascades, and above-and belowground linkages. It operates in a non-equilibrium, alternative states framework, at the landscape scale, and in response to changing environmental, economic and social conditions. Progress has been marked by conceptual advances in the fields of trait-environment relationships, community assembly, and understanding the links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Conceptual and practical advances have been enhanced by applying evolving technologies, including treatments to increase seed germination and overcome recruitment bottlenecks, high throughput DNA sequencing to elucidate soil community structure and function, and advances in satellite technology and GPS tracking to monitor habitat use. The synthesis of these technologies with systematic reviews of context dependencies in restoration success, model based analyses and consideration of complex socioecological systems will allow generalizations to inform evidence based interventions. Ongoing challenges include setting realistic, socially acceptable goals for restoration under changing environmental conditions, and prioritizing actions in an increasingly space-competitive world. Ethical questions also surround the use of genetically modified material, translocations, taxon substitutions, and de-extinction, in restoration ecology. Addressing these issues, as the Ecological Society of America looks to its next century, will require current and future generations of researchers and practitioners, including economists, engineers, philosophers, landscape architects, social scientists and restoration ecologists, to work together with communities and governments to rise to the environmental challenges of the coming decades.

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Section: Restoration In Complex Socio-ecological Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

et al. 2015

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“…We compare these to the observed M 31 dSph counts, which are derived mainly from Ref. [56], with the addition of recently discovered And XXX [57], And XXXI, and And XXXII [58]. The vast majority of these have estimated V max greater than 8 km/s [59].…”

Section: M 31 Dsph Count Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sterile neutrino dark matter bounds from galaxies of the Local Group

et al. 2014

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We show that the canonical oscillation-based (non-resonant) production of sterile neutrino dark matter is inconsistent at > 99% confidence with observations of galaxies in the Local Group. We set lower limits on the non-resonant sterile neutrino mass of 2.5 keV (equivalent to 0.7 keV thermal mass) using phase-space densities derived for dwarf satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, as well as limits of 8.8 keV (equivalent to 1.8 keV thermal mass) based on subhalo counts of N -body simulations of M 31 analogues. Combined with improved upper mass limits derived from significantly deeper X-ray data of M 31 with full consideration for background variations, we show that there remains little room for non-resonant production if sterile neutrinos are to explain 100% of the dark matter abundance. Resonant and non-oscillation sterile neutrino production remain viable mechanisms for generating sufficient dark matter sterile neutrinos.

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“…Het is beweerd dat deze samenwerking tussen de KNU en internationale donorlanden en hulporganisaties bevorderlijk kan zijn voor alle partijen. 78 De Karen-vluchtelingen zijn geen passieve slachtoffers van de KNUdominantie over het vluchtelingenleiderschap, dat zij immers zelf kiezen. Hierbij wordt echter over het hoofd gezien dat deze overeenkomst is gebaseerd op de (onbeargumenteerde) veronderstelling dat de KNU de enige legitieme vertegen-woordiger van alle Karen is.…”

Section: Hoe De Knu Heeft Geprofiteerd Van Vluchtelingenkampenunclassified

Vluchtelingen, humanitaire hulp en conflict: de Karen National Union in Birma

Brouwer¹,

Wijk²

2013

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Vluchtelingen zijn personen die hun land ontvlucht zijn omdat zij daar vervolgd worden vanwege hun ras, godsdienst, nationaliteit, het behoren tot een bepaalde sociale groep of politieke overtuiging. Op basis van een zogenoemde 'prima facie'-basis worden daarnaast ook personen die grootschalig geweld in eigen land ontvluchten als vluchtelingen erkend. Hoewel vluchtelingenkampen dus voornamelijk bekendstaan als plaatsen waar slachtoffers worden opgevangen, zijn ze niet zelden ook oorzaak van de continuering of zelfs intensivering van een conflict. Het staat bijvoorbeeld niet ter discussie dat gevluchte voormalige plegers van de Rwandese genocide een belangrijke rol hebben gespeeld bij het ontstaan van conflicten die tot op de dag van vandaag voortduren in Oost-Congo. Het is ook bekend dat leden van de Cambodjaanse Khmer Rouge vluchtelingenkampen in Thailand controleerden en de geboden humanitaire hulp gebruikten om hun militaire campagnes in eigen land voort te zetten. Veel minder bekend is dat ook de Karen National Union (KNU) − een etnische verzetsbeweging uit Birma -profiteerde van de opvang in internationale vluchtelingenkampen. Na decennia van conflict werd de KNU in 1995 grotendeels uit Birma verdreven. 1 De opstand leek daarmee ten einde te komen, temeer omdat de KNU tegelijkertijd het monopolie op Karen-nationalisme begon te verliezen. Zij wist de ideologie achter het verzet echter in leven te houden vanuit vluchtelingenkampen in Thailand en werd daarbij indirect en deels onbewust gesteund door internationale donoren. In dit artikel beschrijven wij hoe en waarom de KNU heeft weten te profiteren van de opvang in vluchtelingenkampen, wat de gevolgen hiervan waren en welke rol internationale hulporganisaties daarbij hebben gespeeld.

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Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of invasive alien plant clearing: A case study from South Africa

Cited by 75 publications

References 33 publications

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

Sterile neutrino dark matter bounds from galaxies of the Local Group

Vluchtelingen, humanitaire hulp en conflict: de Karen National Union in Birma

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