Evaluating fiber–matrix interaction in polymer–matrix composites by inverse gas chromatography

Pogue, R. T.; Jin, Yongxing; Klosterman, Donald A.; Glass, Amy S.; Chartoff, Richard P.

doi:10.1016/s1359-835x(98)00074-8

Cited by 48 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs), due to their high tensile strength, modulus, and relatively low cost, are drawing significant attention for nano-scale polymer reinforcement. Thermoplastics such as polypropylene (Kumar et al, 2002), polycarbonate (Carneiro et al, 1998), nylon (Pogue et al, 1998), and thermosets such as epoxy (Patton et al, 1999;Pervin et al, 2005), as well as thermoplastic elastomers such as butadiene-styrene diblock copolymer (Chellappa et al, 1994), have been reinforced with vapor grown carbon nanofibers. Previous results indicated that the addition of small amounts of CNF (<3 wt.%) to a matrix system can increase thermal and mechanical properties without compromising the processability of the composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in mechanical properties of carbon fabric–epoxy composite using carbon nanofibers

Zhou

Pervin

Jeelani

et al. 2008

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

197

106

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in mechanical properties of carbon fabric–epoxy composite using carbon nanofibers

Zhou

Pervin

Jeelani

et al. 2008

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

197

106

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“…CNFs are highly graphitic fibers produced by a catalytic vapor deposition process and have been widely used as reinforcements for polymers like polyethylene [1], polypropylene [2,3], polycarbonate [4], nylon [5], and poly(methyl methacrylate) [6] in numerous high-technology applications. CNTs have high mechanical and electrical properties and ultra high TC [7,8] and CNT-based composites are being studied extensively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal conductivity of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/nanofiller blends

Ghose

Watson

Connell

et al. 2008

Composites Science and Technology

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To reduce weight and increase the mobility, comfort, and performance of future spacesuits, flexible, thermally conductive fabrics and plastic tubes are needed for the Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment. Such improvements would allow astronauts to operate more efficiently and safely for extended extravehicular activities. As an approach to raise the thermal conductivity (TC) of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (Elvax™ 260), it was compounded with three types of carbon based nanofillers: multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), vapor grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and expanded graphite (EG). In addition, other nanofillers including metallized CNFs, nickel nanostrands, boron nitride, and powdered aluminum were also compounded with Elvax™ 260 in the melt at various loading levels. In an attempt to improve compatibility between Elvax™ 260 and the nanofillers, MWCNTs and EG were modified by surface coating and through noncovalent and covalent attachment of organic molecules containing alkyl groups. Ribbons of the nanocomposites were extruded to form samples in https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20070032917 2018-05-10T16:24:41+00:00Z which the nanofillers were aligned in the direction of flow. Samples were also fabricated by compression molding to yield nanocomposites in which the nanofillers were randomly oriented.Mechanical properties of the aligned samples were determined by tensile testing while the degree of dispersion and alignment of nanoparticles were investigated using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. TC measurements were performed using a laser flash (Nanoflash™) technique. TC of the samples was measured in the direction of, and perpendicular to, the alignment direction. Additionally, tubing was also extruded from select nanocomposite compositions and the TC and mechanical flexibility measured.

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“…15,16 However, many improvements come about with the nanofiber concentration ranging from about 5 wt % to as high as 20 wt %. [17][18][19][20][21][22] It is also reported that to obtain significant increase in mechanical properties and homogeneity, it is desirable to keep the concentration of nanofiber low (<5 wt %).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FTIR study of ageing epoxy resin reinforced by reactive graphitic nanofibers

Jana

Zhong

2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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We previously developed a novel modified epoxy matrix for macrocomposites using reactive graphitic nanofibers (r-GNFs), which showed improved mechanical properties. This article is devoted to study the efficacy of the r-GNFs against the damage due to exposition of the matrix to hygrothermal environment and UV radiation. Moisture sorption characteristics of the pure epoxy and nanoepoxy were investigated and all kinds of matrices showed similar absorption behavior. Both diffusion and relaxation processes in sorption were observed. DSC curves of nonaged specimens of all concentrations confirmed that samples were not fully cured and r-GNFs lowered the curing degree. The effects of ageing were studied through the changes of molecular conformation by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that UV radiation assists in post-curing of the matrices. Hydroxyl unit, carbonyl unit, and epoxide unit were chosen to study the degradation. It is observed that the degradation due to UV radiation is more severe compared with that due to hygrothermal expose. It also reveals that r-GNFs resist the degradation of the epoxy resin; particularly, the nanoepoxy with 0.3 wt % of r-GNFs has the highest ageing resistance, which is in agreement with our previously tested results of mechanical properties.

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Evaluating fiber–matrix interaction in polymer–matrix composites by inverse gas chromatography

Cited by 48 publications

References 13 publications

Improvement in mechanical properties of carbon fabric–epoxy composite using carbon nanofibers

Improvement in mechanical properties of carbon fabric–epoxy composite using carbon nanofibers

Thermal conductivity of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/nanofiller blends

FTIR study of ageing epoxy resin reinforced by reactive graphitic nanofibers

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