Evaluating China's Soft Power Discourse: Assumptions, Strategies, and Objectives

Mirza, Muhammad Nadeem; Abbas, Hussain; Nizamani, Muhammad Qasim

doi:10.31703/gsssr.2020(v-iv).05

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…China's diplomatic history, predating Nye's 1990 introduction, has always emphasized Confucian virtues such as benevolent governance and inclusiveness in domestic and international relations. Imperial China fostered cultural dominance in East Asia through the concept of "Tianxia" (all under heaven), establishing a hierarchical order based on cultural attraction [5]. In modern times, however, China is often viewed as a state leaning towards hard power.…”

Section: Soft Power and Chinese Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xi Jinping further complemented the "PR" narrative by promoting concepts like the "Chinese Dream" and "a community with a shared future for mankind." Policies such as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which aims to achieve greater international cooperation and connectivity, strengthen this narrative [5,[9][10]. It is important to note that China's perspective on soft power is a zero-sum game against the West, diverging from Nye's notion.…”

Section: Soft Power and Chinese Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Navigating Contradictions in Chinese Diplomacy: The Dual Narratives of Peaceful Rise and Class Struggle in Soft Power Discourse

Xiao

2024

LNEP

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This research paper explores the intricate and paradoxical nature of Chinas soft power, focusing on the dual narratives of peaceful rise (PR) and class struggle (CS) within its diplomacy and global strategy, The study contrasts Joseph Nyes concept of soft power with Chinas unique approach, highlighting the interplay between Chinas soft power ambitions and its global image. Critical discourse analysis, particularly Faircloughs three-step approach, is employed to dissect political language and narratives, offering a deeper understanding of the intersection of language, power, and ideology in Chinese diplomacy. The papers pivotal section analyzes Xi Jinpings rhetoric on PR and CS, revealing Chinas portrayal of a harmonious global emergence alongside a realist perspective on international power dynamics. The paper delves into the implications of these contrasting narratives for Chinas global image and diplomatic relations. It underscores the significance of understanding Chinas soft power in a connected and multipolar world, providing insights into Chinas rise as a global power and its interactions with the international community. In conclusion, the paper highlights Chinas struggle to balance its historical cultural identity with contemporary geopolitical realities.

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Section: Soft Power and Chinese Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soft Power and Chinese Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating Contradictions in Chinese Diplomacy: The Dual Narratives of Peaceful Rise and Class Struggle in Soft Power Discourse

Xiao

2024

LNEP

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“…China is trying to expand its influence through most of the world (Mirza, Abbas, & Nizamani, 2020;Mirza & Khan, 2020) Central Asia to be regarded as "China's Lebensraum" (Swanstom, 2007, p. 583) (Budeanu, 2018, p. 2).…”

Section: University Of Wah Journal Of Social Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heartland, Rimland, and the Grand Chessboard Deciphering the Great Power Politics in Central Asia

Mirza¹,

Ayub²

2022

UWJSS

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As the twenty-first century progresses, struggle for the control of Central Asia is growing, as rising China increases its economic and political clout while Russia is trying to regain its lost glory. The American presence in the region was considered as a threat not only by China, but also Russia who feared that the US is determined to carve out its sphere of influence at their expense. The recent withdrawal of the US forces from Afghanistan and Taliban re- taking Kabul further complicates the geopolitical calculations. China and Russia have been cooperating to ensure that the adjoining region, typically falling under Russian sphere of influence, may not become an American influenced area. Where China has emerged as one of the biggest trading partners of the Central Asian Republics, and Russia has signed several bilateral and multilateral security agreements to ensure its continued influence therein. Eurasia generally and Central Asia specifically, once again, is back to the limelight of great powers politics. This study traces the conceptual evolution of geopolitics, from Ratzel’s Lebensraum, Kjellen’s theory of state as an organism, to the Mahan conception of the sea power, among others. It discusses the collective geopolitical insights of Halford Mackinder, Nicholas Spykman, and Zbigniew Brzezinski who focussed on the concepts of Heartland, Rimland, and Grand Chessboard, respectively, to decipher the geopolitics of Eurasia. Keywords: Central Asia, Geopolitics, Lebensraum, Heartland, Rimland.

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The Role of Confucius Institute in Shaping China’s National Image in Botswana: Case of CI Students

Keimetswe

2021

Social Change Review

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The purpose of this article is to examine the role of Confucius Institute in Shaping China’s National Image in Botswana in the case of CI Students. The Confucius Institute at the University of Botswana (CIUB) is employed as a case study which is identified as the most active Chinese soft power instrument in Botswana. The paper uses a qualitative research method to help better understand the benefits and limitations of CIUB in creating China’s positive image in Botswana. Primary data is obtained from questionnaires whilst secondary data is derived from journal papers, thesis, and books. The study is framed by soft power theory to assist in learning how China utilises its soft power to improve its image in Botswana. The analysis revealed that CIUB has been fruitful in promoting Chinese language and culture in Botswana impacting positively on China’s national image. The findings of the study show that CIUB has the potential to clear some negative perceptions about China in Botswana. However, the limitation as indicated by the study is that CIUB does not have wide coverage of the population of Botswana as it targets mostly students. It is suggested that CIUB as a single tool cannot fully address all the concerns affecting China’s image.

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Evaluating China's Soft Power Discourse: Assumptions, Strategies, and Objectives

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Navigating Contradictions in Chinese Diplomacy: The Dual Narratives of Peaceful Rise and Class Struggle in Soft Power Discourse

Navigating Contradictions in Chinese Diplomacy: The Dual Narratives of Peaceful Rise and Class Struggle in Soft Power Discourse

Heartland, Rimland, and the Grand Chessboard Deciphering the Great Power Politics in Central Asia

The Role of Confucius Institute in Shaping China’s National Image in Botswana: Case of CI Students

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