Evaluating anti‐obesity potential, active components, and antioxidant mechanisms of Moringa peregrina seeds extract on high‐fat diet‐induced obesity

Abstract

There are no medical drugs that provide an acceptable weight loss with minimal adverse effects. This study evaluated the Moringa peregrina (MP) seed extract's antiobesity effect. Twenty-four (6/each group) male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into group Ι (control), group ΙΙ (high-fat diet [HFD]), group ΙΙΙ (HFD+ MP [250 mg/kg b.wt]), and group ΙV (HFD+ MP [500 mg/kg b.wt]). MP administration significantly ameliorated body weight gains and HFD induced elevation in cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and reduced HDL. Moreover, MP seed oil showed high free radical-scavenging activity, delayed β-carotene bleaching and inhibited lipoprotein and pancreatic lipase enzymes. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed three major active components: crypto-chlorogenic acid, isoquercetin, and astragalin. Both quantitative Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blotting revealed that MP seeds oil significantly decreased the expression of lipogenesis-associated genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARγ) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) and significantly elevated the expression of lipolysis-associated genes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase1, ACCl). The oil also enhanced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) and suppressed CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/ EBPβ). In conclusion, administration of M. peregrina seeds oil has anti-obesity potential in HFD-induced obesity in rats. Practical applicationsM. peregrina seeds oil had a potential anti-obesity activity that may be attributed to different mechanisms. These included decreasing body weight, and body mass index and improving lipid levels by decreasing total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C, and increasing HDL-C. Also, M. peregrina seeds oil regulated adipogenesis-associated genes, such as downregulating the expression of (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and FAS) and improving and upregulating the expression and phosphorylation of AMPKα and ACCl.Despite that M. peregrina extract has reported clear anti-obesity potential through animal and laboratory studies, the available evidence-based on human clinical trials are very limited. Therefore, further studies are needed that could focus on clinical trials investigating anti-obesity potential different mechanisms of M. peregrina extract in humans.On reverse-phase Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm), HPLC (Agilent 1000) analysis of M. peregrina extract phenolic compounds was performed. According to Öztürk et al. (2007), a gradient program is used including two solvents system (A: acetic acid (0.5% in acetonitrile)/water (1/1) B: acetic acid (2% in water)) at a constant solvent flow rate of 1.2 ml/minute. The injection volume was 20 μl. By UV-VIS detection, signals were detected at 280 nm. All solutions were prepared with deionized water. | AnimalsTwenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats (110-120 g) were included and kept in Laboratory Animal House, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Randomly, they were assigned into four groups, with six rats per group. For acclimation and adap...

Moringa oleifera: Recent Insights for Its Biochemical and Medicinal Applications

“…Seed extracts upregulated the AMPK and PPARα and downregulated mTOR and SREBP-1 [44]. Moringa also downregulated the expression of PPARc, C/EBPα, and FAS and upregulated the expression and phosphorylation of ACCl and AMPKα [186].…”