Evaluating a model of global psychophysical judgments—I: Behavioral properties of summations and productions

Steingrimsson, Ragnar; Luce, R. Duncan

doi:10.1016/j.jmp.2005.03.003

Cited by 45 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The present experimental program is patterned on that carried out for loudness by Steingrimsson and Luce (2005a, 2005b. The present article tests the representations in Equations 5 and 6 separately.…”

Section: The Experimental Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating a model of global psychophysical judgments for brightness: I. Behavioral properties of summations and productions

Steingrimsson

2009

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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) proposed psychophysical theory of loudness and found it substantially supported. The aim of the present research is to begin an extension of this research to brightness. Luce's (2002Luce's ( , 2004 theory deals with the global percept of subjective intensity, in which there is a psychophysical function that maps pairs of physical intensities onto positive real numbers and represents, in an explicit mathematical way, subjective summation and a form of ratio production. These representations derive from a number of behavioral properties, including certain plausible background assumptions. In three experiments involving the subjective perception of luminance, brightness, the key behavioral properties of summation over the two eyes, and a form of generalized ratio production are empirically evaluated. Considerable support is reported for particular forms of separately for summations and ratio productions.

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Section: The Experimental Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a series of four articles, Steingrimsson and Luce (2005a, 2005b) evaluated Luce's (2002Luce's ( , 2004 global psychophysics theory of loudness. The results provided broad support for the branch of the theory in which ears are not assumed to be behaviorally completely alike (the biased or asymmetric case).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluating a model of global psychophysical judgments for brightness: I. Behavioral properties of summations and productions

Steingrimsson

2009

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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“…We do not restate these assumptions in detail here, because they are not material to the present theory; rather, it is sufficient to describe explicitly only the representation. Suffice it to say that the behavioral properties giving rise to this representation have been empirically sustained for loudness (Steingrimsson & Luce, 2005a, b, 2006, 2007, brightness (Steingrimsson, 2009(Steingrimsson, , 2011(Steingrimsson, , 2012c, and perceived contrast (Steingrimsson, 2012a, b).…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Free adjustment (FA) The FA procedure is a variant on the method of adjustment (which we have used in, e.g., Steingrimsson, 2009Steingrimsson, , 2011Steingrimsson, , 2012aSteingrimsson & Luce, 2005a, b). To estimate the PSE of standard x to z 2 , x is presented followed by z 2 ; the respondent indicates a change in the intensity of z 2 that brings it closer to a perceptual match to x; the sequence is repeated with the change incorporated.…”

Section: A Theory Of Nemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our empirical work (e.g., Steingrimsson & Luce, 2005a, b, 2006, 2007, we built averaging over experimental conditions into our procedures, in part because of the assumption that doing so would wash out possible TOE effects. In what we expected to be a simple routine check of this assumption, we came to realize that the issue is far more complex than that.…”

Section: Fa-smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictions from a model of global psychophysics about differences between perceptual and physical matches

Steingrimsson

Luce

2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

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A well-known phenomenon is that "matched" successive signals do not result in physical identity. This phenomenon has mostly been studied in terms of how much the second of two signals varies from the first, which is called the time-order error (TOE). Here, theoretical predictions led us to study the more general question of how much the matching signal differs from the standard signal, independent of the position of the matching signal as the first or second in a presentation. This we call non-equal matches (NEM). Using Luce's (Psychological Review, 109, 520-532, 2002, Psychological Review, 111, 446-454, 2004, Psychological Review, 115, 601, 2008, Psychological Review, 119, 373-387, 2012 global psychophysical theory, we predicted NEM when an intensity z is perceived to be "1 times a standard signal x." The theory predicts two different types of individual behaviors for the NEM, and these predictions were evaluated and confirmed in an experiment. We showed that the traditional definition of TOE precludes the observation, and thus the study, of the NEM phenomenon, and that the NEM effect is substantial enough to alter conclusions based on data that it affects. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the custom of averaging data over individuals clearly leads to quite misleading results. An important parameter in this modeling is a reference point that plays a central role in creating variability in the data, so that the key to obtaining regular data from respondents is to stabilize the reference point.Keywords Audition . Loudness . Weighting function . 2IFC . 2AFC . Matching . Method of adjustment . Non-equal matches . Time-order error . Mathematical modelingThe time-order error, or TOE, is reported by Stevens (1975) as a "constant error discovered long ago by Fechner . . .[where] on average the second of two equal stimuli tends to be judged greater than the first" (p. 139). For additional remarks on the TOE, see Appendix A.Hellström (2003) lamented how relatively little work had been carried out on the TOE phenomenon. Indeed, we were quite surprised to realize how dramatic these effects can be, and so we second Hellström's (2003) sentiment, adding that these effects are probably only ignored at the peril of arriving at erroneous conclusions. We came to realize that both the definition of the TOE and the prevailing practice of averaging over individual data has precluded the study of a much more fundamental phenomenon: When a respondent provides a perceptual "match" between two successively presented signals differing in intensity only, in general, the signals are not physically identical. We call this general phenomenon non-equal matches (NEM).Let x denote the signal that is presented as a standard that is to be matched, and let z denote the matching signal. Any respondent-selected signal is written in boldface (to emphasize that it is a random variable). With any method of matching, the standard x can be in either the temporally first or second interval. When it is first and z is presented second, we write ...

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Binaural Loudness

Sivonen

Ellermeier²

2010

Springer Handbook of Auditory Research

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Evaluating a model of global psychophysical judgments—I: Behavioral properties of summations and productions

Cited by 45 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluating a model of global psychophysical judgments for brightness: I. Behavioral properties of summations and productions

Evaluating a model of global psychophysical judgments for brightness: I. Behavioral properties of summations and productions

Predictions from a model of global psychophysics about differences between perceptual and physical matches

Binaural Loudness

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