Evaluasi Ketersediaan Sumber Daya Air Berbasis Metode Neraca Air Thornthwaite Mather Untuk Pendugaan Surplus Dan Defisit Air Di Pulau Jawa

Abstract

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong> As a natural resource that is vital in supporting human life, the evaluation of the availability of water resources is an urgency in determining and projecting the condition of water surplus or deficit in a Wilayah. There are various methods in evaluating the availability of water resources in an area, one method that has a high level of significance is the Thornthwaite Mather water balance method. Water balance analysis was carried out in 3 Wilayahs in Java Island which have monsoonal rain types, including Bandung, Begawan Solo watershed, and Pasuruan. The results of the evaluation of the availability of water resources in Bandung show a surplus condition of water in the rainy season period and deficit in the dry season period. Meanwhile, the water balance analysis in Solo shows deficit conditions in all areas covered by the Bengawan Solo watershed. Water balance analysis in Pasuruan Regency shows the same pattern as the Bandung area, where there is a surplus condition in the rainy season and deficits in the dry season period. While the results of the projection of the availability of water resources show varying results in the three Wilayahs, where there is generally an increase in the number of Wilayahs experiencing water deficits. Based on these conditions, water conservation efforts need to be formulated, both by the community and the local government.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Sebagai sumber daya alam yang sangat vital dalam menunjang kehidupan manusia, evaluasi ketersediaan sumber daya air merupakan sebuah urgensi dalam menentukan serta memproyeksikan kondisi surplus atau defisit air di suatu wilayah. Terdapat berbagai metode dalam mengevaluasi ketersediaan sumber daya air di suatu wilayah, salah satu metode yang memiliki tingkat signifikansi tinggi adalah metode neraca air Thornthwaite Mather. Analisis neraca air dilakukan pada 3 wilayah di Pulau Jawa yang memiliki tipe hujan monsunal, meliputi Bandung, DAS Begawan Solo, dan Pasuruan. Hasil evaluasi ketersediaan sumber daya air di Bandung menunjukkan kondisi surplus air pada periode musim penghujan dan defisit pada periode musim kemarau. Sementara itu, analisis neraca air di Solo menunjukkan kondisi defisit pada seluruh area yang tercakup dalam DAS Bengawan Solo. Analisis neraca air di Kabupaten Pasuruan menunjukkan pola yang sama dengan wilayah Bandung, dimana terjadi kondisi surplus pada periode musim penghujan dan defisit pada periode musim kemarau. Sedangkan hasil proyeksi ketersediaan sumber daya air menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi pada ketiga wilayah, dimana secara umum terjadi peningkatan jumlah wilayah yang mengalami defisit air. Berpijak pada kondisi tersebut, upaya-upaya konservasi air perlu segera dirumuskan, baik oleh masyarakat maupun pemerintah daerah setempat.</p>

Analysis of Surface Water Availability to Meet Agricultural Water Demands in Kediri Regency, Indonesia

“…The critical level of the surface water resources was determined as an index and classified in accordance with Hatmoko et al (2012) and Hidayat et al (2019). The critical level was determined by using an index and calculated on the basis of irrigation water demand and water availability.…”

“…A surplus indicates that a watershed (SW in this study) is in good condition. A deficit indicates a shortage condition wherein the water demand is very high (Hidayat et al 2019). In Kediri, surface water is over-extensively used in the agricultural sector, particularly in rice fields under irrigation and rainfed systems.…”

Evaluasi Ketersediaan Air Permukaan Pada Sawah Irigas Di Kecamatan Weru Kabupaten Sukoharjo

“…Kapasitas menahan air (WHC = Water Holding Capacity) adalah kemampuan tanah untuk menahan air pada pori-porinya. Nilai kapsitas ini diperoleh oleh penggunaan lahan dan tekstur daerah penelitian (Hidayat et al, 2019). Untuk menghitung WHC dengan bantuan tabel.…”

Evaluation of irrigation channels in the dry season at Dadahup swamp irrigation area to strengthen food security

“…In developing land for agriculture, not only the well-built infrastructure but also the potential availability of water to achieve a good irrigation network system. Water availability usually faces water shortage due to low precipitation in the dry season [8]. On peatlands in West and Central Kalimantan, climate change events like El Nio and the Indian Ocean Dipole occurred, contributing to the low precipitation and rise inspots [9], [10].…”