“…Since the 1980s, triatomine control has been primarily based on the use of pyrethroid residual insecticides that commonly have deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin and cypermethrin as active ingredients (Morel 1999). Pyrethroids are currently the main vector control tool because of their high efficacy, efficiency and residual activity, together with low risk of environmental contamination (Pinchin et al 1980, Zerba et al 1997, Gürtler et al 2004, Cecere et al 2006. After the remarkable success of the Southern Cone Initiative against Chagas disease vectors, which interrupted the vectorial transmission of T. cruzi in Uruguay, Chile, Brazil and several regions of Argentina and Paraguay, studies carried out during the last decade showed that vector control interventions in the Gran Chaco region had a lower performance compared with vector control interventions outside of the region (Schofield et al 2006).…”