Evaluación de la actividad física en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica

Abstract

The prevalence and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing in Chile, constituting a public health problem. Pulmonary and systemic consequences of COPD affect physical activity, as the disease progresses. There are multiple means for physical activity assessment, from low cost and easily applicable questionnaires to sophisticated laboratory tests. Physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality in patients with COPD. Physical activity interventions not only contribute to decrease the likelihood of mortality, but also protect from comorbidities, especially cardiovascular ones. It also plays a major role avoiding functional limitations of these subjects. Dyspnea and fatigue render exercise as an unpleasant activity for most patients with COPD. If psychological alterations such as anxiety and depression are summed, these patients drift towards an inactive lifestyle. This article analyzes several tools available to assess physical activity is patients with COPD, useful in clinical practice.

Physical activity assessments in children with congenital heart disease: A systematic review

“…Although they are affordable and easy to apply, they are an indirect measurement that uses subjective data, requires a complex process of validation and only evaluates the most common activities, omitting the infrequent activities that might involve a large energy expenditure. 45 Furthermore, a high heterogeneity was observed in the tools used for this purpose, both in quality (five validated, [23][24][25][26][27] three not validated [20][21][22], as in the way of reporting the results were reported, favouring global measures of PA instead of MVPA, which is a unit of measurement widely recommended by the WHO.…”

“…This may be due to multiple factors such as the cost of the devices that measure it, which are generally more expensive since they incorporate the use of accelerometers and software for their interpretation. 45 However, most of these devices have been used in the last decade. Still, it important not only to consider the instruments that objectively measure the MVPA but also to consider the use of questionnaires.…”

“…Of the 16 articles that were ultimately selected, only six measured the MVPA. This may be due to multiple factors such as the cost of the devices that measure it, which are generally more expensive since they incorporate the use of accelerometers and software for their interpretation 45 . However, most of these devices have been used in the last decade.…”

Levels of physical activity in children and adolescents with asthma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…8 PA is one of the most relevant variables that must be considered in both healthy people and people with diseases since it allows changes to be established after an intervention (pharmacological or nonpharmacological such as exercise). 9 The level of PA may be assessed based on type, mode, intensity, frequency, and duration. 10 It can be measured by objective methods, such as energy expenditure or movement, through instruments, such as a pedometer or accelerometer, or by subjective methods, such as questionnaires or diaries.…”

“…10 It can be measured by objective methods, such as energy expenditure or movement, through instruments, such as a pedometer or accelerometer, or by subjective methods, such as questionnaires or diaries. 9 In the last few years, children and adolescents have become more sedentary due to a lack of incentives and opportunities for PA and increased access to technology, such as video games or cell phones. 11,12 For these reasons, the time youths are sedentary has been growing, and this is currently considered a public health problem.…”