Evaluación de cultivares de garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.) en Cuba.

Abstract

The chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) constitute a legume widely appreciated by the Cuban population. In the last ten years efforts have been made to introduce it in agricultural production by adapted cultivars according to the condition of Cuban soil and climate; obtaining good results. Nevertheless, the actual genetic bases its not very bread and it is necessary to continue evaluating new varieties as to answer to biotic and abiotic limitation of the crop. A trial has been conducted to evaluate the behavior of 19 varieties and lines under the Cuban conditions. Nine variables have been described which allow, from the agronomic point of view, to characterize the varieties. The variables studied were: plant height, number of primary branches, pods per plant, 100 seeds’ weight, seed yield per plant, seed yield per area, percentage of Heliothis virescens incidence, percentage of seed protein and number of empty pods per plant. An Principal Components Analysis has been made using a standardize matrix. The three first components permitted to describe a 64.3% of total variation and the variables which more contributed to the description were: seed yield per area, seed yield per plant and the percentage of Heliothis incidence. The varieties of higher yield were distributed in two groups. One group characterized by a lower protein content under 20% represented by Nacional- 5HA cultivar (2190 kg/ha) and the other group with higher protein content over 20% represented by Nacional-29 cultivar (2357.14 kg/ha).

Rhizobium pusense associated to chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), in Cuba.

“…El ensayo contó con cuatro réplicas por tratamiento y un tamaño de parcela de 30 m 2 , con seis surcos de 5 m de largo por 6 m de ancho para cada tratamiento, y una distancia entre plantas de 0,20 m y 0,70 m, entre surcos. Se realizaron las atenciones culturales recomendadas para el cultivo de garbanzo en Cuba (Shagarodsky et al, 2021). Se utilizó además como tratamiento control un testigo absoluto sin aplicación de microorganismos ni fertilizantes.…”

El garbanzo en el occidente de Cuba: aportes de las ferias de agrodiversidad

“…No obstante, fuentes recientes sitúan en 1968 los primeros intentos de producción en Cuba por un campesino de procedencia canaria, en la localidad de mallorquín de la zona de Velasco, perteneciente al municipio de Gibara en la provincia de Holguín, quien comenzó a cultivar este grano en ese año (Quintero et al, 2013). A partir de los primeros años del siglo XXI, se encontraron las experiencias más documentadas de su cultivo en Cuba (Cárdenas et al, 2016;Meriño et al, 2017;Shagarodsky et al, 2001;Quintero et al, 2013). Las producciones se concentran de manera sostenida en los agricultores del Valle de Caujerí en Guantánamo, Las Tunas y Holguín en la región oriental de Cuba y en forma no sistemática en otras regiones como la central en Las Villas, en la zona de Matagua, Banao en Sancti Spíritus.…”

Chickpea seed mass influences agronomical performance: a case for seed heteromorphism?

“…Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an ancient, self-pollinated legume crop believed to have originated in south-eastern Turkey and the adjoining part of Syria (Van der Maessen 1972). It is an annual plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family within the Faboideae subfamily (Shagarodsky et al 2001). Plants are generally about 50 cm in height, with white or violet owers from which pods develop.…”