Euthanasia and Other Fates for Laboratory Animals

Wolfensohn, Sarah

doi:10.1002/9781444318777.ch17

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…brucei species of trypanosomes with IP as most suitable for pathogenicity studies. However, the SC is superior to the ID, IM and IV routes in that it is easy to administer and yet less painful [41]. It is also applicable to a conscious animal making it therefore a comparable alternative of the IP route on maurine trypanosomes experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice

et al. 2019

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Experiments on infections caused by trypanosomes are widely performed in Swiss white mice through various inoculation routes. To better understand the effect of route of trypanosome inoculation on disease outcomes in this model, we characterised the virulence of two isolates, Trypanosoma bruce i KETRI 2710 and T . congolense KETRI 2765 in Swiss white mice. For each of the isolates, five routes of parasite inoculation, namely intraperitoneal (IP), subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM) intradermal (ID) and intravenous (IV) were compared using groups (n = 6) of mice, with each mouse receiving 1x10 4 trypanosomes. We subsequently assessed impact of the routes on disease indices that included pre-patent period (PP), parasitaemia levels, Packed Cell Volume (PCV), bodyweight changes and survival time. Pre-patent period for IP inoculated mice was a mean ± SE of 3.8 ± 0.2 and 6.5 ± 0.0 for the T brucei and T . congolense isolates respectively; the PP for mice groups inoculated using other routes were not significantly different(p> 0.05) irrespective of route of inoculation and species of trypanosomes. With ID and IP routes, parasitaemia was significantly higher in T . brucei and significantly lower in T . congolense infected mice and the progression to peak parasitaemia routes showed no significant different between the routes of either species of trypanosome. The IM and ID routes in T . congolense inoculations, and IP and IV in T . b . brucei induced the fastest and slowest parasitaemia progressions respectively. There were significant differences in rates of reduction of PCV with time post infection in mice infected by the two species and which was more pronounced in sc and ip injected mice. No significant differences in mice body weight changes and survivorship was observed between the routes of inoculation. Inoculation route therefore appears to be a critical determinant of pathogenicity of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei in murine mouse model of African trypanosomiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice

et al. 2019

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Humane Endpoints and End of Life in Primates Used in Laboratories

Wolfensohn¹

2023

Nonhuman Primate Welfare

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A semi-structured questionnaire survey of laboratory animal rehoming practice across 41 UK animal research facilities

Skidmore

Roe

2020

PLoS ONE

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If a laboratory animal survives an experiment without lasting compromised welfare, its future must be negotiated. Rehoming may be a consideration. This paper reports on research findings that provide an indication of the uptake of animal rehoming by UK facilities and the associated moral, ethical, practical and regulatory considerations that inform decisions to rehome or not. This research addresses a widely acknowledged gap in the literature to understand both the numbers, and types of animals rehomed from UK research facilities, as well as the main motivations for engaging in the practice, and the barriers for those facilities not currently rehoming. From the~160 UK research facilities in the UK, 41 facilities completed the questionnaire, giving a response rate of approximately 25%. Results suggest rehoming occurs routinely, yet the numbers are small; just 2322 animals are known to have been rehomed between 2015-2017. At least 1 in 10 facilities are rehoming. There exists a clear preference for the rehoming of some species (mainly cats, dogs and horses) over others (rodents, agricultural animals and primates). Indeed, although 94.15% of species kept in laboratories are rodents, they make up under a fifth (19.14%) of all animals known to be rehomed between 2015-2017. The primary motivation for rehoming is to boost staff morale and promote a positive ethical profile for the facility. Barriers include concern for the animal's welfare following rehoming, high scientific demand for animals that leaves few to be rehomed, and, finally, certain animals (mainly those genetically modified) are simply unsuited to rehoming. The findings of this research will support facilities choosing to rehome, as well as those that are not currently engaging in the practice. By promoting the practice, the benefits to rehoming in terms of improving laboratory animal's quality of life, helping facility staff to overcome the moral stress of killing, and addressing public concern regarding the fate of laboratory animals, can be attained. It is only once an understanding of rehoming from the perspective of UK research facilities has been ascertained, that appropriate policy and support can be provided.

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Euthanasia and Other Fates for Laboratory Animals

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice

Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice

Humane Endpoints and End of Life in Primates Used in Laboratories

A semi-structured questionnaire survey of laboratory animal rehoming practice across 41 UK animal research facilities

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