Europium(III)-Based Fluorescent Microspheres with Styrene Copolymerization toward an Enhanced Photoluminescence Performance

Abstract

Rare earth-based polystyrene (PS) fluorescent microspheres, which vigorously combine the merits of rare earth elements and polystyrene microspheres, hold great potential for applications in the state-of-the-art technology and tremendous efforts have been devoted to the photoluminescence field. Herein, a 5-acrylamido-1,10-phenanthroline (Aphen) and Eu(III)-based polystyrene fluorescent microsphere was developed via a facial copolymerization strategy. The optimal complexes of Eu(β-NTA) 3 (Aphen) and Eu(BFA) 3 (TPPO) 2 were fabricated as the luminescent materials. Specifically, Eu(β-NTA) 3 (Aphen)-PS was modified for the first time to enhance the photoluminescence property, which effectively integrated the Aphen with styrene monomer. Meanwhile, Eu(BFA) 3 (TPPO) 2 was encapsulated into PS microspheres for the realization of Eu(BFA) 3 (TPPO) 2 -PS via an ubiquitous embedding process. The fluorescent intensity of Eu(β-NTA) 3 (Aphen)-PS was notably reinforced along with an increasing concentration of the rare earth complexes. However, the fluorescence intensity of Eu(BFA) 3 (TPPO) 2 -PS was decreased when the concentration was 50 mg due to the saturated solubility of the complexes. The obtained copolymerization fluorescent microspheres could prevent the premature leakage of the fluorescent complexes in a natural environment and showed an outstanding photoluminescence efficiency.

Polymer Microspheres Copolymerized with Deep Red Fluorescent Molecules as a Label for Lateral Flow Immunochromatography

“…Traditional methods for preparing fluorescent microspheres mainly include the swelling method, 14,15 embedding method, 16,17 and copolymerization method. 18,19 For example, Chen et al designed and synthesized a near-infrared aggregationinduced emission (AIE) nanoparticle by swelling method for LFIA detection of SARS-CoV-2, and the diagnostic sensitivity of the test strip for IgG and IgM was better than AuNP based test strip. 20 Although this method is simple, the resulting particles often suffer from issues, such as fluorescent dye leakage and unstable fluorescence performance.…”

Triplet energy transfer from quantum dots increases Ln(iii) photoluminescence, enabling excitation at visible wavelengths

“…Another traditional method for improving the PL efficiency of Eu 3+ involves intramolecular energy transfer between coordinating organic ligands and central ions. 13 The commonly accepted sensitization mechanism includes intersystem crossing between the ligand singlet and triplet excited states and the triplet transfer from the ligand T 1 to the Eu 3+ center. Generally, the efficiency of triplet energy transfer depends on the overlap between the lowest triplet energies of the ligand and the resonant 5 D 0 emitting levels of Eu 3+ , which is 17 500 cm −1 .…”

Luminescent Hybrid BPA.DA-NVP@Eu2L3 Materials: In Situ Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Thermal, and Mechanical Characterization

“…Lanthanide compounds, particularly europium(III) complexes, are commonly utilized as luminescent additives in multifunctional materials [2,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The low emission efficiency of lanthanide ions which is related to poor light absorption can be omitted by a complex formation in which the organic ligand plays the role of an "antenna".…”