European Union non-tariff barriers to imports of African biofuels

Schuenemann, Franziska; Kerr, William A.

doi:10.1080/03031853.2019.1577144

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…However, this rise has not materialized. The EU biofuel policy is argued to have been structured in ways that act as an NTB under the EU Renewable Energy Directive, which has limited Sub-Saharan Africa's access to the EU biofuel market (Schuenemann and Kerr 2019). In this context, policies pertaining to rules of origin, most favored nation agreements, and NTB agreements with the international market must be framed to ensure that countries in the region exhaustively use market access opportunities, while ensuring that a significant share of gross exports from the region consists of domestic content.…”

Section: Expanding Market Access To Advanced and Emerging Market Economies Through Preferential Trade Agreementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Seizing Opportunities in Global Value Chains

Abreha¹,

Kassa²,

Mengistae³

et al. 2021

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Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 24 23 22 21 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent, or the Agence Française de Développement. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

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Section: Expanding Market Access To Advanced and Emerging Market Economies Through Preferential Trade Agreementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Seizing Opportunities in Global Value Chains

Abreha¹,

Kassa²,

Mengistae³

et al. 2021

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“…ScienceDiret, Emerald, Wiley Blackwell, Taylor&Francis, JStor, Ebsco Host, etc. Apart from the general literature on international trade, while exploring the literature, researchers found numerous studies carried in the context of tariff and non-tariff barriers (Chemingui & Dessus, 2008;Cheong & Tang, 2018;Daly et al, 2000;DaSilva-Glasgow, 2020;Fugazza & Maur, 2008;Grundke & Moser, 2019;Imbruno, 2016;Jørgensen & Schröder, 2003;Juust et al, 2020;Knobel et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2019;Magee et al, 2019;Maguire, 2001;Manzoor et al, 2019;Niu et al, 2018;Okumura, 2015;Santeramo & Lamonaca, 2019;Schuenemann & Kerr, 2019;Soon & Thompson, 2020;Toshimitsu, 2008;Winchester, 2009). Aisbett and Silberberger (2020) found that countries where tariff liberalization is higher, producers can adopt relatively cheaper standard and perform at top of the list.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of Tariff Barriers Worldwide: A Composite Assessment Approach

Rashid¹,

Basit²,

Qazi

et al. 2021

JAFEE

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International trade has fundamental importance for all the countries and the analysis concerning international trade particularly concerning tariff barriers is high on the agenda of researchers in the field of economics, business and politics. Aim of the study is to assess the world tariff barriers of 158 countries. Overall design of the study comprises of a crisp literature review, data extraction and analysis. It is a study of one hundred fifty-eight countries that uses secondary data taken from World Development Indicators (WDI) 2020. It uses Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) as research methodology. Results of GRA show that Macao SAR, China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Montenegro, Mauritius, Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar, Chile, Peru and Australia have relatively highest grey relational grades meaning thereby, low tariff trade barriers whereas Grenada, Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Central African Republic, Nepal, Guinea-Bissau, Fiji, Gabon, Barbados, Djibouti, St. Kitts and Nevis have lowest grey relational grade meaning thereby, these countries have high level of tariff based barriers of international trade. Interestingly, all the member countries of European Union occupy the rank of 27 (i.e. all countries have the same rank) which can be explained in the perspective of their union of tariff. Since, they have uniformed tariff policy as against rest of the world, therefore, have same rank. It is a study based on reliable real time data set. The study has value for all stakeholders i.e. international community, local governments, society at large, policy makers, researchers and international institutions.

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“…In the fast developing regions of the world, it is expected that the WEN approach applied to development plans may offer benefits such as increasing energy efficiency, decreasing water pollution, reducing costs of energy, and water delivery. However, WEN studies are few for the fast developing regions of Africa [14], despite well-known water scarcity issues facing 300 million people in sub-Saharan Africa [15][16][17]. The estimated reductions of about 20% in rainfall by 2080 from the current level of 650 mm/yr in the region is expected to exacerbate water, energy, and food insecurity if no action is taken [15,16], with indirect impacts on nutrition, health, sanitation, and water conflicts, among other social challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent biofuel trends such as biofuel mandates in the EU [17] and USA [18] have heightened demand for bio-ethanol and biodiesel, thereby further contributing to the increased demand for land in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia [19]. With large biofuel land deals reported in Zambia, Sudan, Botswana, Namibia Mozambique, and Tanzania [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Water and Energy Nexus in Wami Ruvu River Basin, Tanzania

Miraji

Liu

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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In African nations, national and regional development targets for water and energy sectors seldom consider the nexus between the two, risking imbalances and inefficiencies in resource allocation and utilization. A typical example is the development and expansion of biofuel in the Wami Ruvu River Basin, Tanzania (WRB). Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model was applied to the WRB to investigate the Water Energy Nexus (WEN), specifically, whether the development plan calling for biofuel expansion is a sound approach. Results show that WEN is much stronger in the biofuel irrigation consuming 69.3% and 61% of total biofuel’s water and energy requirement, respectively. By 2035, the nexus continues to be stronger, consuming 54.5% and 49% of total biofuel’s water and energy requirement, respectively, and thus first generation biofuels use much more resources in the growing than the refining process. An additional 768.2 million meter cubic of water and 413.4 million kWh of energy are needed for planned biofuel expansion, reallocating water to biofuels in water-scarce regions inherit related problems to other sectors such as increasing water use for the industry, agriculture, and energy sector by 67%, 45%, and 9%, respectively, which could further exacerbate stresses on water and energy supplies in the basin. Biofuel generation rely heavily on energy imports, as it consumes substantially more energy than it produces. Policies should promote the coordinated development of sustainable biofuel programs that are less water intensive with very low inputs of fossil fuels.

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European Union non-tariff barriers to imports of African biofuels

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Seizing Opportunities in Global Value Chains

Industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Seizing Opportunities in Global Value Chains

Comprehensive Analysis of Tariff Barriers Worldwide: A Composite Assessment Approach

Evaluation of Water and Energy Nexus in Wami Ruvu River Basin, Tanzania

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