European Grid Dataset of Actual Evapotranspiration, Water Availability and Effective Precipitation

Abstract

The sustainability of a territory is closely related to its resources. Due to climate change, the most precious natural resource, water, has been negatively affected by climatic conditions in terms of quantity and quality. CLIMAT datasets of 1 km2 spatial resolution were used and processed in the ArcGIS environment to generate maps of actual evapotranspiration, water availability, and effective precipitation for the periods of 1961–1990 (1990s), 2011–2040 (2020s), and 2041–2070 (2050s). The product is of paramount importance for the analysis of the actual situation in Europe indicating high water availability in the Alps Range, the Carpathians Mountains, Northern European countries, and the British Islands. On the other hand, low water availability has been evidenced in the Southern and Eastern European areas. For the future period (2050s), the monthly potential evapotranspiration is expected to increase by 30%. The climate models also show an increase in the actual evapotranspiration between past and future periods by 40%. The changes in water availability and effective precipitation between the past (1990s) and future (2050s) indicate decreases of 10%. The most affected areas by climate change are located within the Mediterranean areas, the Iberian Peninsula, and Eastern Europe.

Modeling canopy water content in the assessment for rainfall induced surface and groundwater nitrate contamination: The Bilate cropland sub watershed

“…Rainy season cropland zonal biomass statistics of major crops in the study area ( Fig. 7 ) are below an acceptable range for growth range for all crops [ [120] , [121] ]. The growth curve [ 30 ] for the uncertainty interval of the rainy season beginning/maximum/end (0.25 ≤ /crop zone EVI≤ 0.75) [ 33 ].…”

“…10 ), showing an increase in the soil drainable state of (NO − 3 -N). A higher leaching runoff index indicates [ [120] , [121] , [132] ] that more water is lost through runoff, which can lead to nutrient pollution and reduced water availability for crops [ [26] , [27] , [28] ]. Therefore, increased soil drainability (NO − 3 -N) suggests that there is an increased risk of leaching and nutrient loss in the root zone of crops.…”

Variations in actual evapotranspiration and their influence on the seasonal drought in China's Southeastern River basin

“…Among its components include evaporation from soil and water surfaces and transpiration from vegetation. The changing characteristics of evapotranspiration and its impacts are at the forefront of global climate change research [3][4][5] . In North America, evapotranspiration occurs primarily in April-September, with the most signi cant interannual variability occurring during the spring months 6 .…”

The influence of variations in actual evapotranspiration on drought in China's Southeast River basin

“…It accounts for approximately 59% of terrestrial precipitation 2 . The changing characteristics of ET a and its potential impacts are at the forefront of climate change research 3 – 5 .…”