Eupatilin: A flavonoid compound isolated from the artemisia plant, induces apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in human melanoma A375 cells

Shawi#, Al

doi:10.5897/ajpp11.079

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…1,34) Many species are rich in polyacetylenes, flavonoids, terpenoids, and cyanogenic glycosides and are well-known medicinal plants. [35][36][37] Notable species include A. annua, A. argyi, Artemisia dracunculus, and A. capillaris. A. annua is currently the only commercial source of the sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin, which is particularly important for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant strains of malaria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Barcode for Identifying Folium Artemisiae Argyi from Counterfeits

Quanxi

Chen

et al. 2016

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Folium Artemisiae Argyi is an important herb in traditional Chinese medicine. It is commonly used in moxibustion, medicine, etc. However, identifying Artemisia argyi is difficult because this herb exhibits similar morphological characteristics to closely related species and counterfeits. To verify the applicability of DNA barcoding, ITS2 and psbA-trnH were used to identify A. argyi from 15 closely related species and counterfeits. Results indicated that total DNA was easily extracted from all the samples and that both ITS2 and psbA-trnH fragments can be easily amplified. ITS2 was a more ideal barcode than psbA-trnH and ITS2 psbA-trnH to identify A. argyi from closely related species and counterfeits on the basis of sequence character, genetic distance, and tree methods. The sequence length was 225 bp for the 56 ITS2 sequences of A. argyi, and no variable site was detected. For the ITS2 sequences, A. capillaris, A. anomala, A. annua, A. igniaria, A. maximowicziana, A. princeps, Dendranthema vestitum, and D. indicum had single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The intraspecific Kimura 2-Parameter distance was zero, which is lower than the minimum interspecific distance (0.005). A. argyi, the closely related species, and counterfeits, except for Artemisia maximowicziana and Artemisia sieversiana, were separated into pairs of divergent clusters by using the neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood tree methods. Thus, the ITS2 sequence was an ideal barcode to identify A. argyi from closely related species and counterfeits to ensure the safe use of this plant. Key words Folium Artemisiae Argyi; DNA barcoding; ITS2; psbA-trnHFolium Artemisiae Argyi, the dried leaves of Artemisia argyi Levl. et Van, is an important herb in traditional Chinese medicine and is commonly used in moxibustion, medicine, food, or medicinal bath.1-4) A. argyi is widely distributed in Korea, Mongolia, Japan, and the Russia Far East.1,5,6) Folium Artemisiae Argyi was first recorded in "Shi Jing" near 1100 BC and in many clinical and medicine literature, such as "Wu Shi Er Bing Fang," "Ben Cao Gang Mu," and "Jin Gui Yao Lve." 3,7) In traditional Chinese medicine, Folium Artemisiae Argyi was considered to have bitter, pungent, and warm properties and associated with the liver, spleen, and kidney meridians.8) Folium Artemisiae Argyi prevents and cures gynecological, respiratory, and dermatological diseases, such as menstruation-related symptoms, infertility, dysmenorrhea, inflammation, hemostasis, tuberculosis, asthma, and eczema. 9-11)Folium Artemisiae Argyi contains complex ingredients, including essential oil, polysaccharide, flavonoid, tannin, sterols, and triterpenes. [12][13][14][15][16] Unfortunately, identifying A. argyi is difficult because this plant exhibits similar morphological characteristics to closely related species and counterfeits, including congeneric plants Artemisia lavandulifolia, Artemisia anomala, Artemisia princeps, Artemisia indica, Artemisia stolonifera, Dendranthema vestitum, and Dendranthema indicum.1-...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Barcode for Identifying Folium Artemisiae Argyi from Counterfeits

Quanxi

Chen

et al. 2016

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…The antiproliferative effect of casticin on PANC-1 cells was measured by MTT assay as describe previously (Al Shawi et al, 2011). Briefly, PANC-1 cells were seeded into 96-well plate and Ding et al 413 incubated at 37°C.…”

Section: Determination Of Cell Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Casticin induces apoptosis and mitotic arrest in pancreatic carcinoma PANC-1 cells

Ding¹,

Khan²,

Zheng³

et al. 2012

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors that responded poorly to currently available chemotherapy. Casticin, a flavonoid compound, has been reported to induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. However, there is no report on the anti-pancreatic cancer potential of casticin. In the present study, we showed for the first time that casticin strongly inhibits the growth of PANC-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells. The anti-proliferative effect assessed by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay demonstrated that casticin inhibited the growth of PANC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Further analysis using flow cytometry and immunoblot showed that the growth inhibitory effect of casticin was associated with cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induction of apoptosis. Mechanistic studies indicated that the induction of apoptosis was associated with up-regulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, down-regulation of anti-apoptotice protein Bcl-2 and activation of caspase-3. These findings suggest that casticin may be a promising candidate for treating human pancreatic cancer.

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“…An elite compound 'artemisolide' , extracted from A. asiatica acts as an inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)-KB which suppresses the production of nitricoxide and prostaglandin in macrophages and thus exhibits essential anti-inflammatory property [106]. Another important compound 'eupatilin' extracted from various Artemisia species holds promising anti-cancer as well as anti-oxidant potential [107] β-myrcene, (Z)-β-ocimene, (+)-limonene and γ-terpinene obtained from essential oil of A. scoparia exhibit phytotoxic potential and have been used for sustainable weed management [10]. All these compounds have a promising potential to cure various ailments and thus, demand sincere attention and efforts of the scientists for further experimental trials to estimate their side-effects too.…”

Section: Artemisia Indica H Haramentioning

confidence: 99%