Euglena as a potential natural source of value-added metabolites. A review

Kottuparambil, Sreejith; Thankamony, Roshni Lilly; Agustı́, Susana

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2018.11.024

Cited by 79 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Furthermore, it can be used to produce many valuable products, such as α-tocopherol, wax esters and paramylon (Kottuparambil et al, 2019). However, the low production efficiency in the largescale cultivation of E. gracilis limits its further development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Ouyang

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The microalga Euglena gracilis is utilized in the food, medicinal, and supplement industries. However, its mass production is currently limited by its low production efficiency and high risk of microbial contamination. In this study, physiological and biochemical parameters of E. gracilis co-cultivated with the bacteria Vibrio natriegens were investigated. A previous study reports the benefits of E. gracilis and V. natriegens co-cultivation; however, no bacterium growth and molecular mechanisms were further investigated. Our results show that this co-cultivation positively increased total chlorophyll, microalgal growth, dry weight, and storage sugar paramylon content of E. gracilis compared to the pure culture without V. natriegens. This analysis represents the first comprehensive metabolomic study of microalgae-bacterial co-cultivation, with 339 metabolites identified. This co-cultivation system was shown to have synergistic metabolic interactions between microalgal and bacterial cells, with a significant increase in methyl carbamate, ectoine, choline, methyl N-methylanthranilate, gentiatibetine, 4R-aminopentanoic acid, and glu-val compared to the cultivation of E. gracilis alone. Taken together, these results fill significant gaps in the current understanding of microalgae-bacteria co-cultivation systems and provide novel insights into potential improvements for mass production and industrial applications of E. gracilis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Ouyang

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…The nature of BGs, including their molecular mass, tertiary structure, polymer charge, solution conformation, degree of branching and the solubility, can promote different interactions with leucocyte PRRs and ultimately affect the immune responses of the host (Batbayar, Lee, & Kim, 2012;Meena et al, 2013;Petit & Wiegertjes, 2016;Volman et al, 2008). Paramylon is composed solely of glucose subunits linearly linked between 1,3 glucan ligands, and its molecule structure is a unique triple helix conformation (Gissibl et al, 2019;Kottuparambil et al, 2019;Krajčovič et al, 2015;Nakashima et al, 2018). In contrast, zymosan is composed of a mannose proteoglycan attached to a β-1,3 backbone with a branch of β-1,6 glycosidic bonds (Raa, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative source of BGs for animal feeds may be provided from crude Euglena gracilis, a freshwater microalgae that can serve as a bioremediator for agriculture waste, and synthesize high-value nutrients (Kottuparambil, Thankamony, & Agusti, 2019;Krajčovič, Vesteg, & Schwartzbach, 2015). Paramylon is a unique linear β-1,3 glucan molecule produced by Euglenoids, which it is stored within its cytoplasm and used as a metabolic substrate under sub-optimal conditions (Kottuparambil et al, 2019;Tolivia, Conforti, Córdoba, & Flores, 2013). When cultured under a heterotrophic environment, Euglena can store large quantities of paramylon, and due to the water-insoluble properties of this molecule and its unusual high degree of crystallinity, it is possible to recover paramylon BG at a lower cost when compared to other glucan sources (Barsanti, Passarelli, Evangelista, Frassanito, & Gualtieri, 2011;Barsanti, Vismara, Passarelli, & Gualtieri, 2001;Gissibl, Sun, Care, Nevalainen, & Sunna, 2019;Krajčovič et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunomodulatory effects of β‐glucans derived from Euglena gracilis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae for hybrid striped bass ( Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis )

Yamamoto

Castillo²,

Gatlin

2019

Aquac Res

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Beta-glucans (BGs) can activate the animal's innate immune system, enhancing the primary defence lines against pathogenic insults. The objective of this study was to assess the immune responses of hybrid striped bass (HSB) when exposed to paramylon, derived from Euglena gracilis, or zymosan, derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two separate trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these immunostimulants as a feed additive or injected intraperitoneally. Five diets were formulated to contain either paramylon or zymosan at two different levels (50 or 100 mg/kg), and no supplementation serving as the control. Blood and head kidney were sampled, and an elevated production of anion superoxide from isolated phagocytes was observed for all supplemented groups when compared to the control. Dietary paramylon at 50 mg/ kg increased immunoglobulin levels in the plasma. The second trial was conducted by injecting a BG solution (10 mg of β-glucan kg -1 of body weight) and phosphate buffer solution serving as the control. Seven days after injection, blood samples were collected and immunological profiles from whole blood and plasma were significantly (p < .05) affected by the treatments. The results from this study indicate that both dietary and injected paramylon and zymosan modulated the immunological responses of HSB.

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“…As instant generation biofuels use different bio-conversion paths, they seemingly avoid that the "fuel versus food" dilemma. But, they can contend with the use of agricultural lands that might possibly be employed to cultivate meals crops [16]. Biomass transformation is conducted via two different normal procedures: thermochemical decomposition like gasification, bio-carbonization, liquefaction and thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) processes; and also biological nourishment, primarily referring to microbial digestion and digestion.…”

Section: Second Generation Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Bio-Fuels and its Manufacturing

al.¹

2019

IJMPERD

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Aim of this paper is to examine the bio-fuels and its assembling. Bio-fuel is any fluid fuel, which is preoccupied or got from bio-materials like trees, grass, crops, farming waste materials. Bio-powers can be delivered from any carbon source that can be re-established for a specific timeframe. Bio-powers are utilized all-inclusive in enterprises and in different spots. It is essential for the world to deliver this vitality in light of the fact that, there is an unfriendly impact on our condition by the use of traditional petro compound energizes. The examination reveals us in brief about bio-fuels and bio-mass, and the strategies for creation of Bio-fuels. The paper discusses the practicalities of creating the biofuels. There are a few advancements from which, we can infer bio-fuels which won't hurt nature, it the inexhaustible wellspring of vitality. Bio-fuels are extremely valuable wellspring of vitality and can be utilized in different fields. These energizes are broadly used to run the vehicle motor, as ethanol is utilized as added substance in gas to build its octane esteem, and to enhance its emanation and biodiesel is utilized in diesel. There are a few strategies made by the administration about the creation of bio-fuels on a huge scale. Government has wanted to build the generation of biofuels about 10%-20% continuously 2030.

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Euglena as a potential natural source of value-added metabolites. A review

Cited by 79 publications

References 76 publications

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Immunomodulatory effects of β‐glucans derived from Euglena gracilis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae for hybrid striped bass ( Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis )

A Review on Bio-Fuels and its Manufacturing

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