EU plans for renewable energy. An application to the Spanish case

Romero, Salvador Ruiz; Colmenar‐Santos, Antonio; Gil, Manuel Alonso Castro

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.033

Cited by 57 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Accounting for the fact that the targets established by the European Union (EU hereinafter) and the Spanish Government to cover 20.8% of the energy demand with renewable energy sources by 2020 have not yet been achieved [8,14], new strategies and regulatory policies are required to continue with the integration of RESs [15][16][17]. In this work, we examine wind energy as an important step toward attaining such a global objective; because of its degree of maturity, wind energy constitutes an actual possibility in a new setting without a FIT, thereby enabling scenarios that imply the lowest costs for the entire electricity sector [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repowering: An actual possibility for wind energy in Spain in a new scenario without feed-in-tariffs

Colmenar‐Santos¹,

Campíñez-Romero²,

Pérez-Molina³

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repowering: An actual possibility for wind energy in Spain in a new scenario without feed-in-tariffs

Colmenar‐Santos¹,

Campíñez-Romero²,

Pérez-Molina³

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…The gradual increase in total price is due to the higher "LCOE" from autogeneration and even higher stored energy costs. But price reductions, mainly on renewable microgeneration, together with the increase in the traditional generation costs has already triggered a change in some markets [46]. When considering combined heat and power autogeneration, the economics have to take into account not only the avoided grid energy but also the fuel if used for heating in Equation (1).…”

Section: Autogeneration and Storage Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for Assessing Islanding of Microgrids: Between Utility Dependence and Off-Grid Systems

et al. 2015

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This paper presents a novel methodology for assessing islanding microgrids from the economical and functional perspective, for various stakeholders. The paper proposes the triggers for competitive deployment of microgeneration, storage, microgrid islanding, the market conditions that apply, and discusses the future tendencies and the policy recommendations to foster microgrid benefits. The validation of the proposed scheme is based on real market cases, where the triggers for autogeneration and islanding microgrids are present. Additionally, the new concept of grid independence cycle is presented and analyzed. The policy implications of a situation where grid consumption reduction leads to higher energy prices are presented and discussed. The paper concludes with a summary of prioritized technical and regulatory recommendations, proposed as a result of the assessment.

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“…Romeo and Santos have admitted that renewable energies are the only sources that would have a durable future in Europe, since the generation of renewable energy may help considerably reduce the CO 2 emissions [4]. Renewable energy resources are potentially significant as they can outpace the world's energy demand; thus, these energy resources will occupy an essential share in the future global energy portfolio [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and consumption of fuelwood as energy resource: case of Latvia

Mazure¹,

Grīnberga-Zālīte²

2017

Engineering for Rural Development

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Abstract. In Latvia, renewable energy occupies more than 30 % in the primary energy balance, since wood, including firewood, wood chips, wood waste, briquettes, pellets, and hydro resources are two most frequently used forms of renewable energy. Fuelwood is the most common form of renewable energy resources, and its share in total energy consumption has increased from 23.4 % in 2010 to ca. 28.2 % in 2015. The research aim is to analyse the production, consumption and trade of fuelwood based on the forecasts for fuelwood consumption by 2020. Various forecasts show the maximum demand for fuelwood in 2019 amounting to 6.8 million m 3 with a minor decline in the following year to 6.3 million m 3 ; however, the present research demonstrates that the fuelwood consumption decreases from 2015 and following the declining trend, the demand for fuelwood could be even smaller than forecasted. The research reflects that total fuelwood consumption in 2014 has increased by 4.65 % compared with 2013 due to the increase in the share of fuelwood consumption both by households and transformation sector generating heat and electricity, while in 2015 it has dropped by 8.1 %. The main consumers of fuelwood are households, mostly using wood (54 % on average). In 2014, consumption of fuelwood share of households was 44.6 %, while in 2015 it was 38.2 %. The major export markets for Latvian timber products are the UK, Germany, Sweden and Estonia. In the first half of 2015, fuelwood amounted for 13 % of forest industry exports. However, the structure of timber product exports has undergone considerable changes: before the 2008 crisis particular exports were related to construction products export like timber, though during the crisis period, the share of fuelwood exports increased with the decrease of the demand and production of timber. This is mainly due to the improvement and growth of timber enterprise technological capabilities and production capacities. The large share of wood and its products exports contributed to the economic recovery in the post-crisis period.Keywords: fuelwood, renewable energy, fuelwood production, fuelwood consumption. IntroductionThe European Union is striving to become a global leader in the use of renewable energy due to its ambitious policies and advanced businesses. In 2014, renewable energy sources powered almost 15.5 % of the EU energy sector; thus supplying 78 million Europeans with energy [1]. The EU's Renewable Energy Directive has set a target to consume 20 % of final energy from renewable sources by 2020. Therefore, the EU Member States have undertaken their own commitments to achieve the national renewable targets, which range between 10 % in Malta and 49 % in Sweden [2]. In 2015, approximately 27 % of the EU's electricity was generated by renewable energy sources, and it is forecasted to achieve 50 % by 2030. Consistent with Annex I(A) of the Directive 2009/28/EC, Latvia has advanced a comprehensive objective to increase the share of energy produced from renewables in the gross final energy cons...

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EU plans for renewable energy. An application to the Spanish case

Cited by 57 publications

References 7 publications

Repowering: An actual possibility for wind energy in Spain in a new scenario without feed-in-tariffs

Repowering: An actual possibility for wind energy in Spain in a new scenario without feed-in-tariffs

A Methodology for Assessing Islanding of Microgrids: Between Utility Dependence and Off-Grid Systems

Production and consumption of fuelwood as energy resource: case of Latvia

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