Etiology of Acute Scrotum in 100 Boys with Regard to Age Distribution

Melekos, Michael D.; Asbach, H. W.; Markou, Spiros A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)42756-x

Cited by 121 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Bulguların ortaya çıkması sonrasında ilk 12 saat içinde tedavi edilmeyen olgularda testisin kaybı söz konusudur [11]. Deneysel çalışmalarda arteryal tıkanıkta iki saat, venöz tıkanıklıkta ise altı saat içinde testis nekrozu geliştiği gösterilmiştir [10]. Ayrıca tek taraflı testis torsiyonu sonrası karşı testiste de ciddi hasarlanma olduğu bilinmektedir [12].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Deneysel testiküler torsiyon modelinde N-asetilsistein doku hasarını önlemede rol oynayabilir mi?

Aydiner¹,

Pul²,

İnan³

et al. 2012

CMJ

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Amaç. Testis torsiyonu, iskemi reperfüzyon hasarı formunda önemli bir akut skrotum nedenidir. Başarılı ve erken bir detorsiyon yöntemi ile morbidite azaltılabilir. Bu çalışmada deneysel tek taraflı testis torsiyonu ve detorsiyonu modelinde N-asetilsistein'in her iki testise olan etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem. Çalışmada 32 adet prepubertal erkek Wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar malondialdehid düzeyi ve histopatolojik hasar araştırılmak üzere kontrol, torsiyon, detorsiyon ve detorsiyon/N-asetilsistein gruplarına ayrıldı. Kontrol grubunda yer alan deneklere torsiyon işlemi uygulanmadan testisleri alındı. Diğer gruplardaki deneklerin sağ testislerine dörder saatlik torsiyon işlemi uygulandı. Detorsiyon/N-asetilsistein grubunda detorsiyondan 15 dk önce intravenöz N-asetilsistein verildi. Detorsiyon ve detorsiyon/Nasetilsistein gruplarında reperfüzyon sonrası dört saat daha beklendi. Deney sonunda tüm gruplarda her iki testis de çıkarılarak malondialdehid düzeyleri çalışıldı ve histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi. Malondialdehid sonuçları Kruskal-Wallis varyans analizi ve Mann Whitney U testleriyle değerlendirildi. Farkın p için 0,05'den küçük olduğu değerler anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular. Her iki testise ait malondialdehid düzeyleri tüm gruplarda kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek olarak bulundu (p<0,05). Detorsiyon/N-asetilsistein grubu ile detorsiyon grubu arasında her iki testis dokusuna ait malondialdehid düzeyleri bakımından anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p>0,05). İşlem sonrasında kontrol grubu dışındaki tüm grupların torsiyone testislerinde interstisyel hemoraji ile seminifer tübül yapılarında düzensizlik gözlendi. Karşı tarafta interstisyel ödem ve bazı olgularda germ hücrelerinin dökülmesi dışında normal histoloji izlendi. Sonuç. Sonuç olarak oluşturduğumuz deneysel testis torsiyonu modelinde detorsiyondan önce intravenöz N-asetilsistein uygulamasının her iki testiste malondialdehid düzeyleri ve histopatolojik hasar üzerinde bir etkisinin olmadığı saptandı. Anahtar sözcükler: Testis torsiyonu, iskemi-reperfüzyon hasarı, N-asetilsistein AbstractAim. Testicular torsion, which is in the form of ischemia-reperfusion, is an important cause of acute scrotum. The morbidity could be decreased by an early and successful detorsion procedure. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of N-acetylcysteine on both testes in experimental rat model of unilateral testicular torsion and detorsion. Method. In this study, 32 prepubertal male albino Wistar rats were used. The rats were divided into four groups as control, torsion, detorsion and detorsion/N-acetylcysteine in order to determine the malondialdehyde level and histopathological damage. Rats in the control group were killed after the testes were removed without torsion. Right testes of the rats underwent four hours of torsion in other groups. Nacetylcysteine was injected intravenously 15 min before the detorsion in detorsion/Nacetylcysteine group. Reperfusion was continued for four hours after detorsion in detorsion and detorsion/N-acetylcystein...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Deneysel testiküler torsiyon modelinde N-asetilsistein doku hasarını önlemede rol oynayabilir mi?

Aydiner¹,

Pul²,

İnan³

et al. 2012

CMJ

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“…There is a small increase in the frequency of testicular torsion during the neonatal period; however, the major increase occurs during adolescence (12-18 years). 3,4,25 The so-called bell-clapper deformity, where the testis is enveloped both anteriorly and posteriorly with tunica vaginalis, is a well-accepted risk factor for torsion usually recognized only at the time of surgical exploration. 3,25,26 At puberty, the typical testis increases dramatically in volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 A relatively common surgical emergency in young males, testicular torsion occurs most commonly at puberty with a calculated annual incidence of 1 in 4000 males under 25 years of age. 3,4 However, a literature search failed to locate any previous reports of testicular torsion in association with FraX and macroorchidism. We describe a case of testicular torsion in a 14-year-old pubertal boy with FraX and macroorchidism who presented with 48 hours of mild left groin and testicular pain with asymmetrical testicular enlargement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular Torsion in an Adolescent With Fragile X Syndrome

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. Fragile X syndrome (FraX) is the most common hereditary form of mental retardation. The clinical syndrome includes mental retardation, macroorchidism, and typical but variable facial features. Although macroorchidism has been recognized as a cardinal feature of FraX, descriptions of testicular pathology are rare. Testicular torsion is a relatively common surgical emergency in young men, peaking at the onset of puberty when the testes undergo a period of rapid growth. However, testicular torsion has never been associated with macroorchidism. We report the first known case of testicular torsion in a 14-year-old boy with FraX and macroorchidism. Although we are unable to establish a definitive relationship between macroorchidism and testicular torsion in an isolated case report, primary care takers of children with macroorchidism should be aware of this occurrence. We recommend measurement of testicular volume during annual evaluations of children and adolescents with macroorchidism. Acute scrotal pain or increased testicular volume should be promptly evaluated. ragile X syndrome (FraX) affects 1 in 1250 to 1 in 4000 individuals, making it the most common cause of inherited mental retardation. Although macroorchidism has been recognized as a cardinal characteristic of men with FraX for over 25 years, descriptions of associated symptoms or testicular pathology are rare. 1,2 A relatively common surgical emergency in young males, testicular torsion occurs most commonly at puberty with a calculated annual incidence of 1 in 4000 males under 25 years of age. 3,4 However, a literature search failed to locate any previous reports of testicular torsion in association with FraX and macroorchidism. We describe a case of testicular torsion in a 14-year-old pubertal boy with FraX and macroorchidism who presented with 48 hours of mild left groin and testicular pain with asymmetrical testicular enlargement. Physical examination and color Doppler ultrasound findings were consistent with testicular torsion. Scrotal exploration and manual detorsion were performed; however, the testis was nonviable and therefore removed. CASE REPORTA 14-year-old male with a history of fragile X mosaicism with moderate mental retardation (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III Full Scale IQ 48) and bilateral macroorchidism presented with 48 hours of mild, vague left groin and testicular pain unrelated to exertion. The pain had awoken him the night before evaluation. He denied masturbation, sexual activity, voiding abnormalities, gastrointestinal symptoms, and genitourinary and abdominal trauma. His medical history was unremarkable for previous testicular pain, immunosupression, malignancy, diabetes mellitus, urinary tract infection, or manipulation. FraX had been diagnosed in the patient and his younger brother 7 years earlier based on the brother's more classic symptoms of developmental delay, autistic features, and typical facial appearance. Our patient had no significant behavioral problems. The majority of the DNA molecules isolat...

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“…Annual incidence of testicular torsion among those less than 25 years old was reported to be 1 in 4000 [4]. The highest peak was observed around puberty (accounted for 65 % of all torsions) with another much smaller peak in the first year of life [4][5][6]. It is estimated that around 400 boys lose their testis because of testicular torsion in the UK annually [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of spermatogenesis following spermatogonial stem cells transplantation in testicular torsion-detorsion mice

Azizollahi

Aflatoonian

Gilani

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Testicular ischemia is the main consequence of testicular torsion, in both clinical and experimental aspects. Preservation and auto-transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) could be a new treatment for infertility in testicular ischemia following testicular torsion. Methods To apply the idea in this study, animals were randomly divided into four groups of control, sham, with torsion, and with torsion followed by transplantation (TT). Isolated SSCs from neonatal mice were cultured and identified by flow cytometry (C-KIT − , INTEGRIN β 1 + ) and RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for specific spermatogonial cell markers (Oct4, Gfrα-1, Plzf, Vasa, Itgα 6 , and Itgβ 1 ). SSCs were transplanted upon a 2-h testicular torsion in the TT group. Cultured cells were transplanted into ischemia reperfusion testicle 2 weeks post-testicular torsion. Eight weeks after SSCs transplantation, the SSCs-transplanted testes and epididymis were removed for sperm analysis, weight and histopathological evaluation, and pre-and postmeiotic gene expression assessment by qRT-PCR. Results Our findings indicated that all evaluated parameters (epididymal sperm profile, Johnsen score, Plzf, Gfrα-1, Scp-1, Tekt-1 expressions, and histopathological profile) were significantly decreased following testicular torsion (group 3) when compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). However, all abovementioned parameters showed a significant increase/improvement in torsion-transplantation group compared to torsion group. However, these parameters in Capsule SSCs transplantation increase relative expression of pre-/postmeiotic genes and improve sperm parameters and testis structure in testicular torsion-detorsion mice.Summary sentence SSCs transplantation increase relative expression of pre-/post-meiotic genes and improve sperm parameters and testis structure in the ischemic condition. the TT group were significantly lower in the sham and control groups (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion SSCs transplantation could up-regulate the expression of pre-and post-meiotic genes in testicular ischemia, which resulted in improvement of both testicular function and structure after testicular torsion.

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Etiology of Acute Scrotum in 100 Boys with Regard to Age Distribution

Cited by 121 publications

References 12 publications

Deneysel testiküler torsiyon modelinde N-asetilsistein doku hasarını önlemede rol oynayabilir mi?

Deneysel testiküler torsiyon modelinde N-asetilsistein doku hasarını önlemede rol oynayabilir mi?

Testicular Torsion in an Adolescent With Fragile X Syndrome

Alteration of spermatogenesis following spermatogonial stem cells transplantation in testicular torsion-detorsion mice

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