Etiologia e incidência das fraturas faciais em adultos e crianças: experiência em 513 casos

Abstract

Faci al trauma has presented an increasing occurrence in the last four decades, due especially to the growth of accidents with automobiles as well as to the urban violence. Both of which continue being the main cause of such traumas. Aim: To evaluate the features of the population victim of facial trauma as to gender, age, occupation, origin, type of fracture and its cause. Design study: retrospective clinical with transversal cohort. Material and Method: Retrospective study consulting hospital registers of 513 patients victms of the facial trauma. Results: There was a higher incidence of facial trauma on men (84,9%), white (82,7) and with an average age of 29. Regarding occupation, the trauma was mostly occurred to students (16,6%) and Masons (11,2%). The jaw was the most affected place (35%), followed by zygoma (24%) and by the nose (23%), though most patients presented a single facial fracture (82,5%). Among the causes, accidents with automobiles (28,3%), aggressions (21%) and accidental fall s (19,5%) were the most common. Conclusions: Accidents with automobiles continue being the main cause of facial trauma, especially of multiple factures due to the great transmission of kinetic energy.

Prevalence of Maxillofacial Traumas in a Hospital of the Interior of Brazil

“…The results showed that the highest prevalence of facial trauma is in men, as shown in other studies [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The most affected age group was 18 to 40 years (young adult stage), corresponding to 67.4%.…”

“…Motorcycle accidents as cause of facial trauma were also the most prevalent in the study by Silva et al [11], being responsible for 44% of all cases. However, the literature has reported a gradual change in the etiology of facial fractures, with interpersonal violence overcoming the vehicles accident as the most common cause [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Although in recent years many traffic policies have been instituted aiming a greater safety in public roads [16], many laws, such as the compulsory use of helmets and driver's licenses, are not respected in small towns that prevail in the Jequitinhonha valley.…”

“…The incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries can be related to geographic region, time, temporal, and climatic influences [5]. In addition, characteristics of the studied population, such as gender, age, alcohol and drug use, domestic violence, and clinical conditions like osteoporosis are other factors that should be considered when evaluating the epidemiology of facial traumas [6][7][8]. Although there is a large amount of available literature on the epidemiology of facial trauma, the importance of establishing the characteristics related to its occurrence in specific regions has already been highlighted.…”

Perfil epidemiológico dos atendimentos de emergência por lesões bucodentais decorrentes de causas externas, Brasil, 2006 e 2007

“…Os resultados obtidos nesta análise são compatíveis com os de outros estudos, nos quais também foi encontrada maior ocorrência de lesões de face, envolvendo as bucodentais, em pessoas do sexo masculino, sobretudo, adultos jovens 11,17,18,19,20,21 . As crianças e os adolescentes constituem outro grupo com maior ocorrên-cia deste tipo de lesão.…”

“…Montovani et al 19 também encontraram maior proporção do uso de álcool pelas vítimas de lesão bucodental entre os atendimentos de emergência por violência.…”