Ethnopharmacology, Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Property Rights

Pushpangadan, P.; George, Varughese; Ijinu, Thadiyan Parambil; Rajasekharan, S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42162-9_6

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The author argues that India is leading the way in issuing certificates and making them available to the ABS Clearing House. Pushpangadan et al (2017) argues that India was the first country that experimented with a benefit-sharing model that implemented the spirit of the CBD's traditional knowledge provision. Muzaka and Serrano (2019), however, note the few benefit-sharing agreements that have been concluded with communities lack community involvement in the approval process.…”

Section: Literature Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Torri 2011; Varma 2017), mostly in relation to plant genetic resource ABS. Pushpangadan et al (2017) propose 'the first' model of benefit-sharing that supports traditional knowledge. They conclude the major challenge facing policy makers in India is to give adequate attention to the administrative as well as the legal aspects of intellectual property, benefit-sharing procedures and conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and associated traditional knowledge.…”

Section: Literature Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of access and benefit‐sharing measures and literature in key aquaculture‐producing countries

Humphries

Benzie

Lawson

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Countries increasingly use access and benefit-sharing laws as a tool for the conservation and sustainable use of biological resources and associated traditional knowledge. These laws generally require the recipient of resources/knowledge to obtain the provider country's prior informed consent before collection, use or transfer and to share the benefits from their use with the provider. The aim of this literature review is to comprehensively analyse access and benefit-sharing laws and literature about the top five aquaculture-producing countries -China, India, Indonesia, Viet Nam and Bangladeshto identify research trends and gaps in relation to accessing and sharing the benefits of aquaculture genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. Using a systematic quantitative literature review methodology, we found only 5% of the literature examined the implications of access and benefit-sharing for aquaculture and these only related to publications about India's arrangements. While the other countries had literature about their legal measures and literature about informal genetic resource sharing practices in aquaculture, none of them connected the two research topics. None of the countries had literature analysing the implications of access and benefit-sharing in relation to traditional knowledge associated with aquaculture. We conclude that given these are the top global producers accounting for up to 80% of all aquaculture products, urgent research is needed to fill the literature gaps to assess whether access and benefit-sharing as a legal/policy tool is achieving conservation and sustainable use goals for aquaculture genetic resources.

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Section: Literature Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of access and benefit‐sharing measures and literature in key aquaculture‐producing countries

Humphries

Benzie

Lawson

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, factors interact with each other (dotted arrows), requiring a systemic perspective on category formation (Ludwig, 2018c) environments and different ways of organizing conservation policy (Nadasdy, 2003)? How should concerns about ecological sustainability and the knowledge rights of traditional cultures be balanced against the desire to share the fruits of rich ethnomedical knowledge (Pushpangadan, George, Ijinu, & Rajasekharan, 2017;Voeks, 2018)? The study of ethnoontology presents an opportunity to address links between general issues in philosophical taxonomy and applied questions about pressing global challenges ranging from conservation of local environments to the selfdetermination of Indigenous communities (Ludwig & Poliseli, 2018).…”

Section: Locating Ethnoontology In Philosophical Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnoontology: Ways of world‐building across cultures

Ludwig

Weiskopf

2019

Philosophy Compass

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This article outlines a program of ethnoontology that brings together empirical research in the ethnosciences with ontological debates in philosophy. First, we survey empirical evidence from heterogeneous cultural contexts and disciplines.Second, we propose a model of cross-cultural relations between ontologies beyond a simple divide between universalist and relativist models. Third, we argue for an integrative model of ontology building that synthesizes insights from different fields such as biological taxonomy, cognitive science, cultural anthropology, and political ecology. We conclude by arguing that a program of ethnoontology provides philosophers both with insights about traditional issues such as debates about natural kinds and with novel strategies for connecting philosophy with pressing global issues such as the conservation of local environments and the self-determination of Indigenous communities.

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“…Out of 3900 or more wild plant species used as edible as subsidiary food/vegetable by tribes, about 8000 are new informations and atleast 250 of them are worthy of investigation. Out of 400 plant species used as fodder, 100 are worth recommending for wider use and out of 300 wild species used by tribals as piscides or pesticides, atleast 175 are quite promising to be developed as safe pesticides (Pushpangadan, 2002;Pushpangadan and Nair, 2005;Pushpangadan and Pradeep, 2008;Pushpangadan, 2010;Pushpangadan, 2014;Pushpangadan et al, 2014;Pushpangadan et al, 2015a, b;Pushpangadan et al, 2016a, b;Pushpangadan and Ijinu, 2017;Pushpangadan et al, 2017a In other words, to get diseases cured, the dependable source of medicine was either plants or animals since the modem medicines were completely unknown to them. However, the overall development in recent times in the country is bringing rapid change in their disease treatment preferences through modern medicine (Pushpangadan and Pradeep, 2008).…”

Section: All India Coordinated Research Project On Ethnobiology (Aicrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of disease, its etiology, manifestation and approach to treatment, etc., are all viewed on a holistic basis contrary to the reductionistic approach of modern medicine. Only, an integrated approach that combines the best of theory, concepts and methods of the classical systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani with the modern scientific knowledge (phytochemistry and pharmacology), tools and technology can bring in the desired results (Pushpangadan, 2002;Pushpangadan and Nair, 2005;Pushpangadan and Pradeep, 2008;Pushpangadan, 2010;Pushpangadan, 2014;Pushpangadan et al, 2014;Pushpangadan et al, 2015a, b;Pushpangadan et al, 2016a, b;Pushpangadan and Ijinu, 2017;Pushpangadan et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Genesis Of the Subject Ethnopharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

All India coordinated research project on ethnobiology and genesis of ethnopharmacology research in India including benefit sharing

Pushpangadan¹,

George²,

Ijinu³

et al. 2018

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Man has been using medicinal plants to alleviate diseases and discomfort from the very dawn of evolution of human beings. People living in different parts from time immemorial, had selected their food and medicine by a process of trial and error or even by experimentation from the biological resources, particularly from the plants, found around them and this became known as the ethnic food/ traditional food and ethnic medicine/ traditional medicine. India has one of the oldest, richest and most diverse cultural traditions, associated with the use of medicinal plants. The country has a great heritage of medicinal plant use, dating back to the early Vedic period. Like in many other indigenous cultures or civilizations across the world, the Indian indigenous communities have possessed/accumulated vast knowledge on multifarious uses of plants and other natural resources found around them. Living close to nature and by trial, error, empirical reasoning and experimentation, the primitive indigenous societies have developed their own unique wealth of knowledge pertaining to conservation and sustainable use of plants, animals and other natural resources. During the 1980s, Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Govt. of India launched an All India Coordinated Research Project on Ethnobiology (AICRPE). JNTBGRI has developed a benefit sharing model through AICRPE with Kani tribe on the plant Trichopus zeylanicus Gaertn. ssp. travancoricus (Bedd Burkill ex Narayanan). This model is perhaps a unique experiment ever done, wherein the benefits accrued from the development of a product based on an ethnobotanical lead were shared with the holders of that traditional knowledge. Considering the significant outcome of this model in community empowerment, income generation and poverty eradication of a tribal community, Pushpangadan was awarded with the UN-Equator Initiative Prize (under individual category) at the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg in August 2002. Now with the CBD and WIPO guidelines and our national legislation on biodiversity in position, the JNTBGRI or Kani case study could be taken as an ideal model of equitable benefit sharing involving genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.

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Ethnopharmacology, Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Property Rights

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

A review of access and benefit‐sharing measures and literature in key aquaculture‐producing countries

A review of access and benefit‐sharing measures and literature in key aquaculture‐producing countries

Ethnoontology: Ways of world‐building across cultures

All India coordinated research project on ethnobiology and genesis of ethnopharmacology research in India including benefit sharing

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