Ethnopharmacological Evaluation of Medicinal Plants for Cytotoxicity Against Various Cancer Cell Lines

Kesika

et al. 2017

Objective: Plants are the vital source of pharmaceutically important compounds with less or no adverse side effects. The current study was conducted to catalog the commonly used indigenous and medicinal plants of Thailand based on their phenolic acid content and antioxidant activity. Methods:The herbs were collected from Chiang Mai province, Thailand. The plants were extracted with 70% ethanol. The total phenolic acid content and antioxidant activity were evaluated. Results:The ethanolic extract of plant samples was prepared. Among the tested plant samples, Phyllanthus emblica Linn. and Terminalia belerica Roxb. showed highest phenolic content (Gallic acid equivalent [GAE]; 764.81 mg GAE/g sample) and antioxidant activity (trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity [TEAC]; 394.20 mg/g sample), respectively. About 94-97% of inhibition of free radical was detected in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay tested against the plant samples. The ethanolic extract of Anaxagorea luzonensis Gray., Terminalia sp., T. belerica Roxb, Terminalia chebula Retz., Albizia procera Benth., Harrisonia perforata Merr., and P. emblica Linn. exhibited 97.87, 96.08, 92.26, 86.74, 86.08, 84.47, and 83.13% of superoxide radical inhibition, respectively. Conclusion:The results suggested that T. belerica Roxb. possessed high TEAC ability and DPPH radical scavenging capacity and A. luzonensis Gray. exhibited high superoxide scavenging activity, when compared to that of the other tested samples. The additional detailed study is desirable to understand the complexity and distribution of bioactive compounds present in the commonly used plant species of Thailand.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Phenolic Content and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Representative Medicinal Plants of Thailand

Kesika

et al. 2017

“…It has also been revealed that some antioxidants (e.g., quercetin and naringenin) are able to inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A1 and CYP3A4, respectively) involved in the bioactivation of chemical carcinogens [28], constituting another proposed chemopreventive mechanism of polyphenols against cancer development including lung cancer [104,105].…”

Section: Antioxidants Against Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Antioxidants as Defense System Against Cancer

Chahal

Saini

Chhillar

et al. 2018

In living cells, the production of free radicals that comprise both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species is highly regulated that help the cells to sustain redox homeostasis. Overproduction of ROS from mitochondrial electron transport chain leakage or excessive stimulation of xanthine oxidase and other oxidative enzymes leads to the uncontrolled production of free radicals leading to oxidative stress that can mediate damage to cell structures. This damage can be repaired by the antioxidant defense system. Antioxidants are capable of stabilizing, or deactivating, free radicals before they attack cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. The use of antioxidants in cancer prevention is a rapidly evolving research area where antioxidants scavenge free radicals and thus, indirectly help in the prevention of cancer. A wide range of antioxidants such as glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, coenzyme Q10, lycopene, flavonoids, and isoflavones when used in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, result in the reduction of drug toxicity and enhanced efficacy of anticancer agents. This review aims at the use of these exogenous antioxidants as disease-oriented therapy and elucidating the relation of antioxidant enzymes with different types of cancers to overcome the harmful effects of cancer treatment.

“…Anthropogenic activities, urbanization, accelerated industrialization, extensive growth of exotic aquatic weeds, encroachments, frequent, and excessive collection of aquatic resources are the major causes of the degradation of majority of the wetlands of Assam. Many works have studied on medicinal uses of the plants of Northeast India and abroad [11,12]. So far, no detail ethnomedicinal study of aquatic macrophytes of the wetlands of Kamrup district of Assam, India, has been reported by any worker.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic/Semi-Aquatic Macrophytes Used in Herbal Remedies From the Wetlands of Western Assam, North-East India

Deka

Dutta

Talukdar

2019

Objective: The aim of present investigation has been carried out for the documentation of ethnomedicinally important aquatic/semi-aquatic plants used by the rural people living in the vicinity of two major wetlands, i.e., Deepor Beel and Chandubi Beel of Western Assam, India. Methods: Intensive field surveys were conducted with the local traditional healers to gather information on medicinal plants used by them in treatment of various ailments. Results: Altogether 31 medicinal plant species belonging to 25 genera and 14 families have been documented from both the wetlands. Of 31 plant species, nine species were found to be used in skin disease, six in jaundice and liver problem, four species each in fever and urinary tract, two species in dysentery and snakebite, and remaining are found to be used in cough, stomach pain, wounds and cuts, neuralgia, toothache, tonsillitis, blood pressure, and smallpox. Conclusion: Unfortunately, the population of ethnomedicinally used macrophytes Nelumbo nucifera, Euryale ferox, and Trapa natans which are rare in these two wetlands are decreasing alarmingly due to commercial exploitation, natural as well as excessive anthropogenic pressure in these two wetlands.