Ethnopharmacological Evaluation ofBreuEssential Oils fromProtiumSpecies Administered by Inhalation

Abstract

Background Breu is an aromatic oleoresin which has been used by Amazonian traditional communities as a remedy for headaches and migraines by burning and inhaling the smoke produced during its combustion. This study evaluated the antinociceptive and sedative activities of formulations containing breu essential oils administered by inhalation. Methods Five different formulations (A–E) containing breu essential oils were evaluated for their sedative and antinociceptive activities in mice. They were delivered for 20 minutes using an inhalation chamber coupled with a nebulizer and the air inside was collected by static headspace and analyzed by GC-FID. Results All nebulized formulations had similar chemical compositions and major compounds as the original essential oils. None of them resulted in significant increase in response time during the hot plate test. In the formalin test, Formulation E showed a significant inhibition of licking responses in the early (46.8%) and late (60.2%) phases. Formulation B was effective (36.9%) in the first phase and Formulation D (37.9%) in the second. None of the formulations presented sedative effects. Conclusion Breu essential oils, when inhaled, may present antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties without sedation. Additionally, nebulization proved to be an efficient method for administration of formulations containing these essential oils.

Chemical Composition andIn VitroAnti-Wood-Decay Fungal Activities ofDysphania ambrosioidesLeaf Essential Oil From Taiwan

“…Ascaridole compound was identified based on infrared radiation, 13 C NMR, 1 H NMR spectroscopic, and mass spectrometric data. 16,64 The Carvacrol, α-terpinene, and p-cymene were from isolates found by Hsu and Ho (2019) in a study of Plectranthus amboinicus 65 essential oil. Table 4 are shown the MIC and IC 50 values of the 4 compounds.…”

“…The structure of the ascaridole compound was confirmed by comparing 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and EI-MS spectral datas with the previous literature values. 16,64 Ascaridole: Yellow oil, EI-MS for C 10 H 16 O 2 (EI-MS: 168), 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm) 0.98 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H), 1.34 (s, 3H), 1.52-1.54 (m, 2 H), 1.93 (hept, J = 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 1.96-2.15 (m, 2 H), 6.38 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H); 13 C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm) 17.2 (C-9), 17.3 (C-10), 21.4 (C-7), 25.6 (C-5), 29.5 (C-6), 32.1 (C-8), 74.4 (C-1), 79.8 (C-4), 133.1 (C-2), 136.4 (C-3).…”

“…The essential oil of D. ambrosioides (20 g) mixed with silica gel 60 (60 g) (200-300 mesh, Fluka) was chromatographed on a silica The structure of the ascaridole compound was confirmed by comparing 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and EI-MS spectral datas with the previous literature values. 16,64…”

Fragrance Component Analysis for Nebulvapours of European Anchovy Oils by Using Colorimetric Printing and Electronic Nose

“…In patients with cystic fibrosis, inhalation of natural oils by nebulizers was attempted to treat chronic lung infections [25]. Five different formulation containing Breu essential oils were evaluated using an inhalation chamber and GC-FID combined with nebulizer for sedative and antinociceptive activities in mice [26].…”

First Draft Genome of a Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest Burseraceae reveals commercially-promising genes involved in terpenic oleoresins synthesis

“…Protium species are known to produce more than one hundred terpenes [5]. The volatile fraction of their oleoresins is composed mainly of mono-and sesqui-terpenes while the solid fraction is composed of triterpenes [6]. Terpene production is catalyzed by enzymes encoded by the extremely diverse Terpene Synthase (TPS) family of genes [7,8].…”