Ethnomedicinal and Conservation Status of Herbs in Tehsil Banda Daud Shah, District Karak, Pakistan

Abstract

The present study documents the ethnomedicinal and conservation status of 91 herbs belonging to 81 genera and 66 families in tehsil Banda Daud Shah during 2012-2013. The information about conservation and ethnobotanical was collected through questioners and personal interviews during fieldwork using the IUCN 2001, Red Data List Categories and Criteria. Among these 36 species were found to be rare, vulnerable (30 species), infrequent (13 species), endangered (8 species) and dominant (4 species). From the present investigation we concluded that most plant species are going to become endangered because the natural vegetation area was change into urbanization.

Invasive flora of Pakistan: a critical analysis

“…Rapid growth rate, high reproductive potential, adaptive nature (photo-insensitivity and drought resistance), allelopathy and absence of natural enemies may be considered as main factors for invasiveness (Khalid, 2000). (Liewhiran et al, 2006); Pharmacology {Treatment of Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II) (Chen et al, 2002), antioxidant (Zhou et al, 2010) Antimicrobial (Khan et al, 2011), antioxidant and anti-inflammatory (Zhao et al, 2011)} Parthenium hysterophorus L.…”

“…In Pakistan, parthenium has become a major wasteland weed replacing the native flora in rain fed areas of the Punjab province and is also spreading in North Western Frontier Province (NWFP) and Kashmir (Riaz and Javaid, 2011). Okara (Javaid and Riaz, 2007), Lahore (Javaid et al, 2009), Wah cantt (Riaz and Javaid, 2009), Hafizabad (Riaz and Javaid, 2010), Attock (Riaz and Javaid, 2011), Kasur (Anwar et al, 2012), Nankana Sahib (Riaz and Javaid, 2012), Sialkot and Shekhupura (Javaid and Riaz, 2012), Rawalpindi (Fatimah and Ahmad, 2012), Islamabad (Shabbir and Bajwa, 2006;Hassan et al, 2012), Peshawar valley (KPK) (Khan et al, 2011), Dera Ismail Khan, Lakki Marwat, Bannu, Kohat, Peshawar, Mardan, Charsada (Hassan et al 2012), Chitral, Hango, Swat (Khan, 2012 are adversely affected areas.…”

Vegetation Structure in Shahbazgari, District Mardan

“…In the present study, an effort has been made to investigate and analyse correlation of vegetative attributes of herbs and shrubs. Due to huge population increases and frighteningly increasing urbanization practices, existing reserve forests and grazing lands are overburdened with community rights making it impossible to reduce the grazing pressure [19,20,21,22,29]. Grazing practices are one of the important determinants of vegetation distribution patterns and having most obvious impact on the floral biodiversity of an area [22,23).…”

“…The authors [8,27,28], described that the resources of soil is limited and its physical and chemical properties are restricted mostly by humus and clay. Several research works dealing with different features of plant life from diverse parts of the state have been taken out form time to time [16,19,21,22,29]. The investigated area presents a limited number of animal and plant species.…”