Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Traditional Uses of Curcuma spp. and Pharmacological Profile of Two Important Species (C. longa and C. zedoaria): A Review

Ayati, Zahra; Ramezani, Mohammad; Amiri, Mohammad Sadegh; Moghadam, Ali Tafazoli; Rahimi, Hoda; Abdollahzade, Aref; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Emami, Seyed Ahmad

doi:10.2174/1381612825666190402163940

Cited by 107 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…Turmeric is commonly used as spice, dye, drug and cosmetics [35], but recent research efforts have further characterised its medicinal properties and have identified its biochemical components in high resolution and specificity. The genus Curcuma is rich in flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanin, phenolic compounds, oil, organic acids and inorganic compounds [36]. The biological activities of Curcuma have been attributed to the non-volatile ingredients of the rhizome, cucurminoids (e.g.…”

Section: Recent Publications On the Ginger Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…curcumin), as well as to the volatile terpenoids [37]. Curcumin has been shown in experiments to have strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects [29,36]. The European Union has recommended the use of numerous medicinal plants for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, and among them are ginger root (Z. officinale) and turmeric root (C. longa) [38].…”

Section: Recent Publications On the Ginger Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[39,40]. Curcumin from C. zedoaria, as from C. longa, shows good anti-inflammatory effects [36]. Zederone and zedoarondiol, from rhizomes of En-Lueang (Curcuma cf.…”

Section: Recent Publications On the Ginger Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyploidy in the Ginger Family from Thailand

Anamthawat‐Jónsson¹,

Umpunjun²

2020

Chromosomal Abnormalities

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Polyploidy is common in the ginger family Zingiberaceae. The aims of the present paper are (1) to provide a general introduction on species diversity with emphasis on conservation; (2) to highlight the human-use significance of this family, focusing on the two major genera, Zingiber (ginger) and Curcuma (turmeric); (3) to present chromosome number data from 45 natural and cultivated Curcuma taxa from Thailand, of which polyploids are predominant; and (4) to describe our own work on cytotaxonomy of selected Thai Curcuma species. We obtained somatic chromosome numbers from root tips and analysed meiotic chromosome behaviour from flowers. We also used the molecular cytogenetic method of ribosomal gene mapping on chromosomes to infer mechanism of polyploidization and reveal genomic relationships among closely related species. The main results of our cytogenetic studies include the following. The most sought-after medicinal Curcuma cultivars growing on a large-scale basis are secondary triploids, so as taxa in natural habitats that are harvested for local utilisation. These triploids are sexually deficient, due to meiotic pairing abnormalities, but they are propagated asexually via rhizomes. The ribosomal mapping results indicate natural triploidization process via hybridisation, either within populations or across the species boundaries.

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Section: Recent Publications On the Ginger Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recent Publications On the Ginger Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyploidy in the Ginger Family from Thailand

Anamthawat‐Jónsson¹,

Umpunjun²

2020

Chromosomal Abnormalities

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“…Curcumin, one of the major curcuminoids contained in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric), is a lipophilic polyphenol that has been used for centuries as an essential tool of traditional medicine in Asia [1]. Nowadays, it is widely used as dietary spice, but also in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Curcumin: A New Key of Understanding for the Health Effects of Curcumin

2020

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Curcumin, a lipophilic polyphenol contained in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric), has been used for centuries in traditional Asian medicine, and nowadays it is widely used in food as dietary spice worldwide. It has received considerable attention for its pharmacological activities, which appear to act primarily through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. For this reason, it has been proposed as a tool for the management of many diseases, among which are gastrointestinal and neurological diseases, diabetes, and several types of cancer. However, the pharmacology of curcumin remains to be elucidated; indeed, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented in vitro and in vivo activities of curcumin and its poor bioavailability and chemical instability that should limit any therapeutic effect. Recently, it has been hypothesized that curcumin could exert direct regulative effects primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, where high concentrations of this polyphenol have been detected after oral administration. Consequently, it might be hypothesized that curcumin directly exerts its regulatory effects on the gut microbiota, thus explaining the paradox between its low systemic bioavailability and its wide pharmacological activities. It is well known that the microbiota has several important roles in human physiology, and its composition can be influenced by a multitude of environmental and lifestyle factors. Accordingly, any perturbations in gut microbiome profile or dysbiosis can have a key role in human disease progression. Interestingly, curcumin and its metabolites have been shown to influence the microbiota. It is worth noting that from the interaction between curcumin and microbiota two different phenomena arise: the regulation of intestinal microflora by curcumin and the biotransformation of curcumin by gut microbiota, both of them potentially crucial for curcumin activity. This review summarizes the most recent studies on this topic, highlighting the strong connection between curcumin and gut microbiota, with the final aim of adding new insight into the potential mechanisms by which curcumin exerts its effects.

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“…Its common name is Narkachur/White turmeric and is found in India and Indonesia. It contains curcumenol, procurcumenol, zederone and comosone II [102,103]. The parts used are the leaves.…”

Section: Curcuma Zedoariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal plants with anti-mutagenic potential

Akram

Riaz

Wadood

et al. 2020

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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This review presents an overview of published studies for a better understanding of the antimutagenic potential of medicinal plants and the precise indications for the utilization of natural compounds as chemo-preventive agents. Reports on the anti-mutagenic potential of medicinal plants published from 1997 to 2019 were searched through different scientific databases using the following keywords: medicinal plants and mutagens, carcinogens, the anti-mutagenic potential of medicinal plants. The data relevant to the anti-mutagenic potential of some common medicinal plants is summarized in this mini-review. These medicinal plants include Carum carvi, Withania somnifera, Panax ginseng, Mentha spicata, Curcuma zedoaria, Cassia angustifolia, Cymbopogon citrates, Ipomoea batatas, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Citrullus colocynthis, Capsicum annuum and Asparagus racemosus. An overview of the identified molecules or enzymes being targeted is also presented, with a focus on anti-carcinogenic and/or anti-mutagenic activity. The recent advancements in the research on medicinal plants pave the way for the better understanding and future prospects of the use of natural components as chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic agents. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Traditional Uses of Curcuma spp. and Pharmacological Profile of Two Important Species (C. longa and C. zedoaria): A Review

Cited by 107 publications

References 0 publications

Polyploidy in the Ginger Family from Thailand

Polyploidy in the Ginger Family from Thailand

Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Curcumin: A New Key of Understanding for the Health Effects of Curcumin

Medicinal plants with anti-mutagenic potential

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