Ethnic minorities' ratings of ethnically similar and European American counselors: A meta-analysis.

Abstract

A meta-analysis of studies that assessed ethnic minorities' perceptions of and preferences for ethnically similar counselors and European American counselors showed that ethnic minorities tended to prefer ethnically similar counselors over European American counselors. However, the perceptions of and preferences for counselors were influenced by the cultural affiliation of the participants and the research methods used. More precise methods for determining the degree to which ethnic minorities' preferences for ethnically similar counselors is a function of inferences concerning attitudes, values, and skill needs to be developed.Clients entering a counseling relationship have to make numerous decisions (Cheatham & Patrick, 1987;Gratham & Gordon, 1986) and take into account various, sometimes competing, factors in the process. In the United States, if this person is not an European American, ethnic factors may have a significant affect on this decision-making process. There is evidence that African, Latin, Asian, and Native Americans are less likely than European Americans to seek counseling, stay in counseling, receive adequate counseling, or benefit from counseling (

Behavioral versus pharmacological treatments of obsessive compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis

“…Since g is a biased estimator of the true population e¤ect size (Hedges and Olkin 1985;Coleman et al 1995), a corrected estimator, d was computed, using methods provided by Hedges and Olkin (1985) for between-group studies, and methods described by Coleman et al (1995) for within-subjects designs. Similarly, the variance for the unbiased estimator d for between-group designs was calculated with the equation provided by Hedges and Olkin (1985), and according to methods described by Coleman et al (1995) for the one-sample case.…”

“…Similarly, the variance for the unbiased estimator d for between-group designs was calculated with the equation provided by Hedges and Olkin (1985), and according to methods described by Coleman et al (1995) for the one-sample case. When pooling e¤ect sizes from a series of independent studies, the e¤ect sizes from studies with larger sample sizes will have smaller variability and are thus more precise estimators of the population e¤ect size (Hedges and Olkin 1985).…”

Perceived characteristics of the career counselor and intentions of consulting in two european countries

“…Dans leur méta-analyse, Coleman, Wampold et Casali (1995) ont par exemple démontré qu'une propension aux préférences pour les membres de son groupe social semblait se dessiner chez les minorités ethniques américaines, jouant surtout sur le choix d'un professionnel et, plus modestement, sur l'évaluation de sa crédibilité. De nombreux articles similaires se sont intéressés, ces dernières années, à l'effet, dans la relation d'aide, des catégories sociales perçues et les nombreuses données recueillies sur cette question n'ont pas permis de voir émerger un modèle universel s'appliquant à tous les contextes de la relation d'aide, comme le montre le caractère touffu et parfois contradictoire des observations relevées dans leur revue de questions de Heppner et Claiborn (1989).…”

Multicultural issues in qualitative research

“…It is reasonable to assume that participants are more likely to empathize and trust moderators of their own ethnicity. We know from the counseling literature that clients who strongly identify with their particular cultural background prefer to have counselors who are similar in ethnicity (Coleman, Wampold, & Casali, 1995). We also know that in mental health clinics, matching therapists to patients on ethnicity is generally predictive of greater retention in therapy, although not consistently predictive of better outcomes (see Sue, Fujino, Hu, Takeuchi, & Zane, 1991).…”