Ethnic cultural value typologies and mental health parameters among Indians

Jin, Ling; Sharma, Rachita; Hall, Brian J.; Natesan, Prathiba; Alghraibeh, Ahmad M.; Aljomaa, Suliman S.; Contractor, Ateka A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2021.11.008

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…While we can extrapolate estimates for Asian Indians in the U.S. based on studies on Asian Indians living in India or on Asian Americans, the Asian Indian community in the U.S. carries its own unique set of socio-cultural and immigration-related considerations that may influence impacts and prevalence rates of traumatic experiences. Examples of such socio-cultural and immigration-related considerations include prejudicial experiences, racial discrimination, and marginalization (e.g., anti-Muslim sentiment post 9/11, anti-Asian sentiment during the COVID-19 pandemic, “Dot Buster” incidents); stress due to the immigration process; economic stressors (e.g., financial responsibilities for accompanying families, need to send money to family in India); communication and language barriers; acculturation stressors (e.g., cultural shock); colonial mentality; stress due to ethnic identity conflicts; and the lack of knowledge about local healthcare institutions and policies (Chandra et al, 2016; Falicov et al, 2020; Inman, 2006; Inman, Yeh, et al, 2007; Jin et al, in press; Lee & Lu, 1989; Nadimpalli et al, 2016; Nikalje & Çiftçi, 2021; Tewari et al, 2003; Tummala-Narra & Deshpande, 2018; Tummala-Narra et al, 2011). Indeed, experiences of racism and discrimination contribute to poor psychological (Kaduvettoor-Davidson & Inman, 2013) and physical (Utsey et al, 2000) health.…”

Section: Traumatic Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian Indians in the United States and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Interventions: A Narrative Literature Review

Contractor

Rafiuddin

Kaur

et al. 2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Topic. Limited research has examined trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Asian Indians in the U.S. Thus, we (1) synthesize literature on trauma, PTSD, disparities in treatment for PTSD, the burden of untreated PTSD, and culturally-adapted (CA) PTSD interventions; and (2) discuss recommendations for clinicians/researchers working with this population. Method. We searched two databases using keywords related to Asian Indians, PTSD, and interventions. Of 238 identified articles, we used content from 26 articles to inform our review. Findings. Asian Indians report traumatic experiences before, during, or after immigration to the U.S. and consequential PTSD symptoms. Further, Asian Indians in the U.S. are disproportionately impacted by socio-cultural and economic determinants of poor mental health (e.g., shame/stigma associated with seeking mental health services, few culturally-responsive services), which may contribute to the under-reporting of PTSD and (interpersonal) traumas and less willingness to seek treatment. Additionally, CA PTSD interventions tailored to Asian Indians in the U.S. have not been developed. Socio-cultural considerations that can inform CA PTSD interventions for Asian Indians include: causal conditions (e.g., culturally-rooted beliefs about trauma/PTSD), intervening conditions/barriers (e.g., emotional inhibition), and mitigating/coping strategies (e.g., religious/spiritual practices, cultural idioms of distress). These considerations influence clinician/treatment preferences (e.g., solution-oriented and structured therapy, less emotional exposure). Lastly, we outline recommendations for clinicians/researchers: (1) need for national studies on trauma, PTSD, treatment utilization, and the burden of untreated PTSD; (2) consideration of immigration-related experiences influencing PTSD; (3) consideration of socio-cultural elements for CA PTSD interventions; and (4) need for culturally-valid PTSD assessments.

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Section: Traumatic Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian Indians in the United States and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Interventions: A Narrative Literature Review

Contractor

Rafiuddin

Kaur

et al. 2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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“…Therefore, it is not surprising that the Indian sample consisted primarily of individuals identifying as male. Taken together, the two samples were different on cultural and demographic characteristics and may be different in the extent to which individuals internalized the different cultural identities (Hong et al, 2000) and adhered to different ethnic cultural values (Jin et al, 2022) within a sample. Hence, we reference them as distinct samples rather than cultural samples for this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM–5 across United States and India samples: An item response theory analysis using the graded response model.

Natesan¹,

Contractor²,

Compton³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objectives: The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is frequently used to assess PTSD symptoms. Extending its psychometric investigations across distinct samples (United States and India), the aims of the present study included investigating the item characteristics, person fit, and differential item functioning (DIF) across the two samples. Method: We (a) conducted item analysis using the graded response model to examine item characteristics (thresholds and discrimination parameters) and (b) examined person fit to determine participants' response patterns. The U.S. sample included 176 trauma-exposed individuals seeking mental health treatment, and the Indian sample included 148 trauma-exposed ex-military personnel. Results: Results indicated low discrimination for Item 8 and low but acceptable discrimination for Item 17 for the U.S. and Indian samples, respectively. Across both samples, the most unused response categories were the middle-point or extreme (higher severity) categories (all response categories were better utilized in the Indian sample), and half the participants exhibited person misfit. Supplemental DIF analysis indicated that five items exhibited DIF indicating potential item bias; however, effect sizes for DIF were negligible. Conclusions: Although the PCL-5 demonstrated strong psychometric properties and showed promise for use across the samples differing on cultural and demographic characteristics, some of the items and the number of categories used to measure them could be revisited to create a more efficient instrument. Clinical Impact StatementClinicians and researchers can use the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) to compare posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity across the examined samples from the United States and India. Further, the PCL-5 showed desirable item characteristics in both Indian and U.S. samples barring a few items. Last, clinicians and researchers could consider reducing the number of response categories as well as higher-severity response categories (especially for arousal items) when using the PCL-5 in the U.S. sample; such modifications do not apply for the Indian sample.

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“…Our findings suggest that clinicians should incorporate collective coping such as acceptance/reframing coping when formulating treatment plans for BIPOC clients. Further, clinicians may provide strategic and active preventative service such as community‐based holistic approach and outreach program incorporating cultural rituals to enhance psychological wellness (Jin et al., 2022). Finally, our finding highlights the importance of utilizing a culturally congruent approach to address cognitive flexibility and collective coping for enhancing life satisfaction when working with anxiously attached individuals from the BIPOC community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, collective coping is more culturally congruent for most BIPOC communities. Although only limited empirical research has examined the effect of collective coping, several specific collective coping strategies have been identified, including acceptance of the undesired situations, reframing of one's perspective, and seeking family support (Heppner et al, 2006;Jin et al, 2021Jin et al, , 2022Zamudio et al, 2020). Because maintaining interpersonal and social harmony is a more important value than challenging communal cohesiveness, BIPOC individuals may accept and/or reframe given situations and change themselves as opposed to focusing on direct problem solving (Heppner et al, 2006;Jin et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although only limited empirical research has examined the effect of collective coping, several specific collective coping strategies have been identified, including acceptance of the undesired situations, reframing of one's perspective, and seeking family support (Heppner et al, 2006;Jin et al, 2021Jin et al, , 2022Zamudio et al, 2020). Because maintaining interpersonal and social harmony is a more important value than challenging communal cohesiveness, BIPOC individuals may accept and/or reframe given situations and change themselves as opposed to focusing on direct problem solving (Heppner et al, 2006;Jin et al, 2022). Heppner et al (2006) investigated coping methods employed by a large sample of Taiwanese participants and identified acceptance/reframing as the most commonly endorsed collective coping strategy, which includes accepting the self, others, and the situation, accommodating themselves to existing situations, and reframing the meaning of experienced trauma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A decolonial perspective of collective coping in the adult attachment and life satisfaction link

Jin

Wang

Bismar

et al. 2023

J Multicult Couns & Deve

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This study examined the role of cognitive flexibility and collective coping in the relationship between adult attachment and life satisfaction while comparing Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC; n = 187) and White (n = 135) groups. Result showed that the relationship between attachment anxiety and life satisfaction was mediated via cognitive flexibility and collective coping only in the BIPOC group. This study informs culturally responsive attachment‐based counseling and advances literature from a decolonial perspective.

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Ethnic cultural value typologies and mental health parameters among Indians

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Asian Indians in the United States and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Interventions: A Narrative Literature Review

Asian Indians in the United States and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Interventions: A Narrative Literature Review

Evaluation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM–5 across United States and India samples: An item response theory analysis using the graded response model.

A decolonial perspective of collective coping in the adult attachment and life satisfaction link

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