Ethnic communities in Israel: The genetic blood markers of the Moroccan Jews

Bonné‐Tamir, Batsheva; Ashbel, Sarah; Bar‐Shani, Shulamit

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330490406

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Earlier studies based on blood group markers and serum proteins differentiated North African Jews from other Jewish groups and from non-Jewish North Africans (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). A more recent study identified a distinctive signature for Libyan Jews (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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North African Jewish and non-Jewish populations form distinctive, orthogonal clusters

Campbell

Palamara

Dubrovsky

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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North African Jews constitute the second largest Jewish Diaspora group. However, their relatedness to each other; to European, Middle Eastern, and other Jewish Diaspora groups; and to their former North African non-Jewish neighbors has not been well defined. Here, genome-wide analysis of five North African Jewish groups (Moroccan, Algerian, Tunisian, Djerban, and Libyan) and comparison with other Jewish and non-Jewish groups demonstrated distinctive North African Jewish population clusters with proximity to other Jewish populations and variable degrees of Middle Eastern, European, and North African admixture. Two major subgroups were identified by principal component, neighbor joining tree, and identity-by-descent analysis—Moroccan/Algerian and Djerban/Libyan—that varied in their degree of European admixture. These populations showed a high degree of endogamy and were part of a larger Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jewish group. By principal component analysis, these North African groups were orthogonal to contemporary populations from North and South Morocco, Western Sahara, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt. Thus, this study is compatible with the history of North African Jews—founding during Classical Antiquity with proselytism of local populations, followed by genetic isolation with the rise of Christianity and then Islam, and admixture following the emigration of Sephardic Jews during the Inquisition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relatedness of these Jewish groups to each other, to European and Middle Eastern Jews, and to their non-Jewish North African neighbors has been addressed in only a fragmentary fashion in prior studies (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Most studies were limited to one or two North African groups.…”

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confidence: 99%

North African Jewish and non-Jewish populations form distinctive, orthogonal clusters

Campbell

Palamara

Dubrovsky

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…We analyzed 159 males from eight populations. These individuals were Ashkenazi Jews from Poland (20), Druze (20), Ethiopian Jews (19), Iraqi Jews (20), Libyan Jews (20), Moroccan Jews (20), Palestinian Arabs (20), and Yemenite Jews (20). DNA samples were obtained from The National Laboratory for the Genetics of Israeli Populations (www.tau.ac.il͞medicine͞ NLGIP͞nlgip.htm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies using classical (8,9), mitochondrial (10,11), and Ychromosomal (12-17) markers have considered North African Jews in their treatments of genetic relationships among Jewish populations, but these studies did not assess the relationship of the Libyan Jews to other groups. Studies that treated Libyan Jewish and other North African Jewish populations separately identified hereditary disorders in Libyan Jews that are rare in other populations (6,18), but these studies did not find a consistent pattern of relationships among Libyan and other North African Jewish populations (6,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Genetic studies of Jewish populations based on classical markers (6,19,20) initially found substantial allele frequency differences and high genetic distances between the Libyan and Moroccan Jews, and suggested that these geographically related Jewish populations may have maintained a considerable degree of isolation from each other.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Studies that treated Libyan Jewish and other North African Jewish populations separately identified hereditary disorders in Libyan Jews that are rare in other populations (6,18), but these studies did not find a consistent pattern of relationships among Libyan and other North African Jewish populations (6,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Genetic studies of Jewish populations based on classical markers (6,19,20) initially found substantial allele frequency differences and high genetic distances between the Libyan and Moroccan Jews, and suggested that these geographically related Jewish populations may have maintained a considerable degree of isolation from each other. Although more recent analyses have not contradicted these reports, they have been unable to make strong conclusions about the Libyan Jews, placing them in different positions with respect to other Jewish and non-Jewish populations (21)(22)(23)(24).…”

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Distinctive genetic signatures in the Libyan Jews

Rosenberg

Woolf²,

Pritchard³

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Unlinked autosomal microsatellites in six Jewish and two nonJewish populations were genotyped, and the relationships among these populations were explored. Based on considerations of clustering, pairwise population differentiation, and genetic distance, we found that the Libyan Jewish group retains genetic signatures distinguishable from those of the other populations, in agreement with some historical records on the relative isolation of this community. Our methods also identified evidence of some similarity between Ethiopian and Yemenite Jews, reflecting possible migration in the Red Sea region. We suggest that highresolution statistical methods that use individual multilocus genotypes may make it practical to distinguish related populations of extremely recent common ancestry.

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Genetic polymorphisms among Bukharan and Georgian Jews in Israel

Levene¹,

Steinberg

Friedlander

et al. 1984

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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Bukharan and Georgian Jews have lived in central Asia for many centuries. Approximately 30,000 Bukharan and 37,000 Georgian Jews lived in their respective countries within the USSR between 1920 and 1960. Genetic markers of blood--blood groups, isoenzymes, HLA antigens, and gamma and kappa chain allotypes--were tested in blood samples from 113 Bukharan and 134 Georgian Jews living in Israel. Estimates of inbreeding were low: alpha = 0.0088 for Bukharan and alpha = 0.0011 for Georgian Jews. G6PD deficiency was relatively rare in Bukharan (2.2%) and in Georgian Jews (6.0%), when compared to other Jews in the area. Both populations showed frequencies of some markers similar to that of other Jewish populations, but frequencies of several markers were extremely high or low. Bukharan Jews showed very high frequencies of B(0.243), cDe (0.122), JkA (0.705), HLA-A29 (0.167), A30 (0.116) and B7 (0.124), and AcPA (0.451) and very low ones of O(0.518), CDe(0.422), AcPB (0.513) and GLO1 (0.140). Very high frequencies in Georgian Jews were observed for cDE (0.189), HLA-A3 (0.194), Bw35 (0.300) and GLO1 (0.367). Yet the greatest difference between both populations was in African characters. While in Bukharan Jews Fy was very frequent (0.146) and cDe was the highest observed among Jews (0.122), neither of these markers was detected among the Georgian Jews tested. Yet, another African character, the Gm1,5,10,11,13,14,17,26 haplotype, occurred in both populations (0.028 and 0.042 in Bukharan and Georgian Jews, respectively). Distance measures for Bukharan, Georgian, Iranian, Cochin, and Libyan Jews based on 13 polymorphic loci showed the greatest distance between Cochin Jews and the other populations and the smallest distance between the Georgian and Iranian Jews.

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Ethnic communities in Israel: The genetic blood markers of the Moroccan Jews

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

North African Jewish and non-Jewish populations form distinctive, orthogonal clusters

North African Jewish and non-Jewish populations form distinctive, orthogonal clusters

Distinctive genetic signatures in the Libyan Jews

Genetic polymorphisms among Bukharan and Georgian Jews in Israel

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