Etherification of hydroxymethylfurfural with ethanol on mesoporous silica catalysts of regulated acidity to obtain ethoxymethylfurfural, a bio-additive for diesel

Thioresistant PdPt/Al/SBA-15 for Naphthalene Hydrogenation

“…have been applied in those schemes. , It has been determined that the saturating characteristics of NM catalysts strongly depended on their interaction with the used carrier . SBA-15 mesoporous silica matrices constitute very attractive materials for numerous applications , due to their very good textural properties and hydrothermal stability . These characteristics are crucial considering that NM phases could be deposited through impregnation of salts in aqueous solutions followed by drying (thus, steam being formed).…”

Highly effective synthesis of biomass-derived furanic diethers over a sulfonated zirconium–carbon coordination catalyst in alcohol systems

“…As is well-known, biomass is the most abundant renewable carbon resource in nature, [1][2][3][4][5] and converting it to high-quality liquid biofuels is a very crucial approach to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. 6 Among various liquid biofuels, furan-based ethers, particularly originating from the platform compound 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), [7][8][9][10][11][12] are highly conspicuous owing to their outstanding physico-chemical properties, such as large energy density, high cetane number, excellent water insolubility and preeminent combustion performance. [13][14][15][16][17] In the past decade, the research emphases were prevailingly focused on 5-(alkoxymethyl)furfurals (AMFs), [18][19][20][21][22] which are subordinated to furan-based monoethers.…”

Synthesis of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural Monoesters and Alcohols as Fuel Additives toward Their Performance and Combustion Characteristics in Compression Ignition Engines

“…Tonutti et al compared the performance of the synthesized mesoporous silica catalysts between MCM-41 and SBA-15 in terms of the sulfonic acid site (−O 3 H) amount at 140 °C. After four reaction cycles, the catalyst still possessed its activity by reaching 78% HMF conversion and 68.7% EMF yield …”

“…After four reaction cycles, the catalyst still possessed its activity by reaching 78% HMF conversion and 68.7% EMF yield. 26 By reviewing the studies in all points of view, to bridge research gaps, an exploration of a new and mild chemical catalytic process to synthesize HMF-monoesters to be used as diesel additives is initiated. In addition, research on the synthesized HMF fuel additives validated in real usage conditions of diesel engines was rarely seen; only few cases have been reported for combustion and emission characteristics.…”